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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Josephine Purps; Sabine Siegert; Sascha Willuweit; Marion Nagy; +159 Authors

    In a worldwide collaborative effort, 19,630 Y-chromosomes were sampled from 129 different populations in 51 countries. These chromosomes were typed for 23 short-tandem repeat (STR) loci (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385ab, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, GATAH4, DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643) and using the PowerPlex Y23 System (PPY23, Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Locus-specific allelic spectra of these markers were determined and a consistently high level of allelic diversity was observed. A considerable number of null, duplicate and off-ladder alleles were revealed. Standard single-locus and haplotype-based parameters were calculated and compared between subsets of Y-STR markers established for forensic casework. The PPY23 marker set provides substantially stronger discriminatory power than other available kits but at the same time reveals the same general patterns of population structure as other marker sets. A strong correlation was observed between the number of Y-STRs included in a marker set and some of the forensic parameters under study. Interestingly a weak but consistent trend toward smaller genetic distances resulting from larger numbers of markers became apparent. Fil: Corach, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Caputo, Mariela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Marino, Miguel Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Analisis de ADN; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Purps, Josephine. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; Alemania Fil: Siegert, Sabine. University of Cologne; Alemania Fil: Willuweit, Sascha. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; Alemania Fil: Nagy, Marion. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; Alemania Fil: Alves, Cíntia. Universidad de Porto; Portugal Fil: Salazar, Renato. Universidad de Porto; Portugal Fil: Angustia, Sheila M. T.. Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory; Filipinas Fil: Santos, Lorna H.. Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory; Filipinas Fil: Anslinger, Katja. Universitat Genzentrum Der Ludwing-maximilians; Alemania Fil: Bayer, Birgit. Universitat Genzentrum Der Ludwing-maximilians; Alemania Fil: Ayub, Qasim. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Wei, Wei. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Xue, Yali. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Tyler Smith, Chris. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Baeta Bafalluy, Miriam. Universidad de Zaragoza; España Fil: Martínez Jarreta, Begoña. Universidad de Zaragoza; España Fil: Egyed, Balazs. Eotvos University, Budapest; Argentina Fil: Balitzki, Beate. Universidad de Basilea; Suiza Fil: Tschumi, Sibylle. Universidad de Basilea; Suiza Fil: Ballard, David. King; Reino Unido Fil: Syndercombe Court, Denise. King; Reino Unido Fil: Barrantes, Xinia. Poder Judicial, Forensic Sciences Department; Costa Rica Fil: Bäßler, Gerhard. Landeskriminalamt Baden-Württemberg; Alemania Fil: Berger, Burkhard. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria Fil: Niederstätter, Haral. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria Fil: Parson, Walther. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria. University Park; Estados Unidos Fil: Davis, Carey. Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics; Estados Unidos. Institute of Applied Genetics; Estados Unidos Fil: Furfuro, Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Análisis de ADN; Argentina Fil: Locarno, Laura. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Análisis de ADN; Argentina

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
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    Serveur académique lausannois
    Article . 2014
    License: CC BY
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    CONICET Digital
    Article . 2014
    Data sources: CONICET Digital
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    PubliCatt
    Article . 2014
    Data sources: PubliCatt
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    NARCIS
    Article . 2014
    Data sources: NARCIS
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    The ‘suppressed in-ovo virus infection’ trait (SOV) was the first trait applied in honey bee breeding programs aimed to increase resilience to virus infections, a major threat for colony survival. By screening drone eggs for viruses, the SOV trait scores the antiviral resistance of queens and its implications for vertical transmission. In this study, queens from both naturally surviving and traditionally managed colonies from across Europe were screened using a two-fold improved SOV phenotyping protocol. First, a gel-based RT-PCR was replaced by a RT-qPCR. This not only allowed quantification of the infection load but also increased the test sensitivity. Second, a genotype specific primer set was replaced by a primer set that covered all known deformed wing virus (DWV) genotypes, which resulted in higher virus loads and fewer false negative results. It was demonstrated that incidences of vertical transmission of DWV were more frequent in naturally surviving populations than in traditionally managed colonies, although the virus load in the eggs remained the same. Dynamics in vertical transmission were further emphasized when comparing virus infections with queen age. Interestingly, older queens showed significantly lower infection loads of DWV in both traditionally managed and naturally surviving colonies, as well as reduced DWV infection frequencies in traditionally managed colonies when compared with younger queens. Seasonal variation in vertical transmission was found with lower infection frequencies in spring compared to summer for DWV and black queen cell virus. Together, these patterns in vertical transmission suggest an adaptive antiviral response of queens aimed at reducing vertical transmission over time.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ NARCISarrow_drop_down
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    Research . 2022
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ NARCISarrow_drop_down
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      Research . 2022
      Data sources: NARCIS
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Sabatini, Francesco Maria; Lenoir, Jonathan; Hattab, Tarek; Arnst, Elise Aimee; +201 Authors

    Abstract Motivation Assessing biodiversity status and trends in plant communities is critical for understanding, quantifying and predicting the effects of global change on ecosystems. Vegetation plots record the occurrence or abundance of all plant species co‐occurring within delimited local areas. This allows species absences to be inferred, information seldom provided by existing global plant datasets. Although many vegetation plots have been recorded, most are not available to the global research community. A recent initiative, called ‘sPlot’, compiled the first global vegetation plot database, and continues to grow and curate it. The sPlot database, however, is extremely unbalanced spatially and environmentally, and is not open‐access. Here, we address both these issues by (a) resampling the vegetation plots using several environmental variables as sampling strata and (b) securing permission from data holders of 105 local‐to‐regional datasets to openly release data. We thus present sPlotOpen, the largest open‐access dataset of vegetation plots ever released. sPlotOpen can be used to explore global diversity at the plant community level, as ground truth data in remote sensing applications, or as a baseline for biodiversity monitoring. Main types of variable contained Vegetation plots (n = 95,104) recording cover or abundance of naturally co‐occurring vascular plant species within delimited areas. sPlotOpen contains three partially overlapping resampled datasets (c. 50,000 plots each), to be used as replicates in global analyses. Besides geographical location, date, plot size, biome, elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation type, naturalness, coverage of various vegetation layers, and source dataset, plot‐level data also include community‐weighted means and variances of 18 plant functional traits from the TRY Plant Trait Database. Spatial location and grain Global, 0.01–40,000 m². Time period and grain 1888–2015, recording dates. Major taxa and level of measurement 42,677 vascular plant taxa, plot‐level records. Software format Three main matrices (.csv), relationally linked. Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711 National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungar http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100018818 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100020056 Russian Foundation for Basic Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002261 Grantová Agentura České Republiky http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001824 Agence Nationale de la Recherche http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 Brazil’s National Council of Scientific and Technological Development Horizon 2020 Framework Programme http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661 U.S. National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 Akademie Věd České Republiky http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004240 H2020 European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663 Spanish Research Agency http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Narodowe Centrum Nauki http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004281 Volkswagen Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001663 Basque Government http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003086 Fundación BBVA http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007406 Villum Fonden http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008398 NSF http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100003187 Latvia grant

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archivio della ricer...arrow_drop_down
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    NARCIS; Research@WUR
    Other literature type . Article . 2021
    License: CC BY
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    MPG.PuRe
    Article . 2021
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    Global Ecology and Biogeography
    Article
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: UnpayWall
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    MPG.PuRe
    Article . 2021
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: MPG.PuRe
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    NIBIO Brage
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: NIBIO Brage
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    MPG.PuRe
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: MPG.PuRe
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    ZHAW digitalcollection
    Other literature type . 2021
    License: CC BY
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    MPG.PuRe
    Article . 2021
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-...
    Article . 2021
    License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Herman Hummel; Pim Van Avesaath; Sander Wijnhoven; Loran Kleine-Schaars; +47 Authors

    Within the COST action EMBOS (European Marine Biodiversity Observatory System) the degree and variation of the diversity and densities of soft-bottom communities from the lower intertidal or the shallow subtidal was measured at 28 marine sites along the European coastline (Baltic, Atlantic, Mediterranean) using jointly agreed and harmonized protocols, tools and indicators. The hypothesis tested was that the diversity for all taxonomic groups would decrease with increasing latitude. The EMBOS system delivered accurate and comparable data on the diversity and densities of the soft sediment macrozoobenthic community over a large-scale gradient along the European coastline. In contrast to general biogeographic theory, species diversity showed no linear relationship with latitude, yet a bell-shaped relation was found. The diversity and densities of benthos were mostly positively correlated with environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, mud and organic matter content in sediment, or wave height, and related with location characteristics such as system type (lagoons, estuaries, open coast) or stratum (intertidal, subtidal). For some relationships, a maximum (e.g. temperature from 15–20°C; mud content of sediment around 40%) or bimodal curve (e.g. salinity) was found. In lagoons the densities were twice higher than in other locations, and at open coasts the diversity was much lower than in other locations. We conclude that latitudinal trends and regional differences in diversity and densities are strongly influenced by, i.e. merely the result of, particular sets and ranges of environmental factors and location characteristics specific to certain areas, such as the Baltic, with typical salinity clines (favouring insects) and the Mediterranean, with higher temperatures (favouring crustaceans). Therefore, eventual trends with latitude are primarily indirect and so can be overcome by local variation of environmental factors.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ NARCISarrow_drop_down
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    NARCIS
    Article . 2017
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom; NARCIS
    Article . 2017 . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Cambridge Core User Agreement
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Hal-Diderot
    Article . 2017
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ NARCISarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      NARCIS
      Article . 2017
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom; NARCIS
      Article . 2017 . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Cambridge Core User Agreement
      Data sources: Crossref; NARCIS
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Hal-Diderot
      Article . 2017
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Kotta, Jonne; Orav-Kotta, Helen; Janes, Holger; Hummel, Herman; +39 Authors

    Coastal ecosystems are highly complex and driven by multiple environmental factors. To date we lack scientific evidence for the relative contribution of natural and anthropogenic drivers for the majority of marine habitats in order to adequately assess the role of different stressors across the European seas. Such relationship can be investigated by analysing the correlation between environmental variables and biotic patterns in multivariate space and taking into account non-linearities. Within the framework of the EMBOS (European Marine Biodiversity Observatory System) programme, hard bottom intertidal communities were sampled in a standardized way across European seas. Links between key natural and anthropogenic drivers and hard bottom communities were analysed using Boosted Regression Trees modelling. The study identified strong interregional variability and showed that patterns of hard bottom macroalgal and invertebrate communities were primarily a function of tidal regime, nutrient loading and water temperature (anomalies). The strength and shape of functional form relationships varied widely however among types of organisms (understorey algae composing mostly filamentous species, canopy-forming algae or sessile invertebrates) and aggregated community variables (cover or richness). Tidal regime significantly modulated the effect of nutrient load on the cover and richness of understorey algae and sessile invertebrates. In contrast, hydroclimate was more important for canopy algae and temperature anomalies and hydroclimate separately or interactively contributed to the observed patterns. The analyses also suggested that climate-induced shifts in weather patterns may result in the loss of algal richness and thereby in the loss of functional diversity in European hard bottom intertidal areas. Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2016 This article is based upon work from COST Action ES1003 Development and implementation of a pan-European Marine Biodiversity Observatory System (EMBOS), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). Jonne Kotta, Holger Jänes and Helen Orav-Kotta were supported by Institutional research funding IUT02-20 of the Estonian Research Council and the BONUS project BAMBI, the joint Baltic Sea research and development programme (Art 185), funded jointly from the European Union's Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration and from the Estonian Research Council. Pedro Ribeiro was supported by FCT through post-doctoral grant ref. SFRH/BPD/69232/2010 funded through QREN and COMPETE, and the strategic project UID/MAR/04292/2013 granted to MARE. Jérōme Jourde was financially supported by the Région Poitou-Charentes through CPER funding, La Rochelle University and CNRS. Martina Dal Bello and Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi were supported by a grant from the Italian Ministry for Research and Education (PRIN project ‘Biocostruzioni costiere: struttura, funzione, e gestione’). Gil Rilov was partly supported by the Israeli Science Foundation (grant number 1217/10) and the Israel Ministry of Environmental Protection. Valentina Kirienko Fernandes de Matos was supported by the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) through a doctoral grant (ref. SFRH/BD/86390/2012). Emilia Jankowska and Jan Marcin Węsławski were supported by the Statutory Funds of Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LAReferencia - Red F...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2017
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Josephine Purps; Sabine Siegert; Sascha Willuweit; Marion Nagy; +159 Authors

    In a worldwide collaborative effort, 19,630 Y-chromosomes were sampled from 129 different populations in 51 countries. These chromosomes were typed for 23 short-tandem repeat (STR) loci (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385ab, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, GATAH4, DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643) and using the PowerPlex Y23 System (PPY23, Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Locus-specific allelic spectra of these markers were determined and a consistently high level of allelic diversity was observed. A considerable number of null, duplicate and off-ladder alleles were revealed. Standard single-locus and haplotype-based parameters were calculated and compared between subsets of Y-STR markers established for forensic casework. The PPY23 marker set provides substantially stronger discriminatory power than other available kits but at the same time reveals the same general patterns of population structure as other marker sets. A strong correlation was observed between the number of Y-STRs included in a marker set and some of the forensic parameters under study. Interestingly a weak but consistent trend toward smaller genetic distances resulting from larger numbers of markers became apparent. Fil: Corach, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Caputo, Mariela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Marino, Miguel Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Analisis de ADN; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Purps, Josephine. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; Alemania Fil: Siegert, Sabine. University of Cologne; Alemania Fil: Willuweit, Sascha. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; Alemania Fil: Nagy, Marion. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; Alemania Fil: Alves, Cíntia. Universidad de Porto; Portugal Fil: Salazar, Renato. Universidad de Porto; Portugal Fil: Angustia, Sheila M. T.. Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory; Filipinas Fil: Santos, Lorna H.. Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory; Filipinas Fil: Anslinger, Katja. Universitat Genzentrum Der Ludwing-maximilians; Alemania Fil: Bayer, Birgit. Universitat Genzentrum Der Ludwing-maximilians; Alemania Fil: Ayub, Qasim. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Wei, Wei. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Xue, Yali. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Tyler Smith, Chris. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Baeta Bafalluy, Miriam. Universidad de Zaragoza; España Fil: Martínez Jarreta, Begoña. Universidad de Zaragoza; España Fil: Egyed, Balazs. Eotvos University, Budapest; Argentina Fil: Balitzki, Beate. Universidad de Basilea; Suiza Fil: Tschumi, Sibylle. Universidad de Basilea; Suiza Fil: Ballard, David. King; Reino Unido Fil: Syndercombe Court, Denise. King; Reino Unido Fil: Barrantes, Xinia. Poder Judicial, Forensic Sciences Department; Costa Rica Fil: Bäßler, Gerhard. Landeskriminalamt Baden-Württemberg; Alemania Fil: Berger, Burkhard. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria Fil: Niederstätter, Haral. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria Fil: Parson, Walther. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria. University Park; Estados Unidos Fil: Davis, Carey. Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics; Estados Unidos. Institute of Applied Genetics; Estados Unidos Fil: Furfuro, Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Análisis de ADN; Argentina Fil: Locarno, Laura. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Análisis de ADN; Argentina

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    Serveur académique lausannois
    Article . 2014
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    CONICET Digital
    Article . 2014
    Data sources: CONICET Digital
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    Article . 2014
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    The ‘suppressed in-ovo virus infection’ trait (SOV) was the first trait applied in honey bee breeding programs aimed to increase resilience to virus infections, a major threat for colony survival. By screening drone eggs for viruses, the SOV trait scores the antiviral resistance of queens and its implications for vertical transmission. In this study, queens from both naturally surviving and traditionally managed colonies from across Europe were screened using a two-fold improved SOV phenotyping protocol. First, a gel-based RT-PCR was replaced by a RT-qPCR. This not only allowed quantification of the infection load but also increased the test sensitivity. Second, a genotype specific primer set was replaced by a primer set that covered all known deformed wing virus (DWV) genotypes, which resulted in higher virus loads and fewer false negative results. It was demonstrated that incidences of vertical transmission of DWV were more frequent in naturally surviving populations than in traditionally managed colonies, although the virus load in the eggs remained the same. Dynamics in vertical transmission were further emphasized when comparing virus infections with queen age. Interestingly, older queens showed significantly lower infection loads of DWV in both traditionally managed and naturally surviving colonies, as well as reduced DWV infection frequencies in traditionally managed colonies when compared with younger queens. Seasonal variation in vertical transmission was found with lower infection frequencies in spring compared to summer for DWV and black queen cell virus. Together, these patterns in vertical transmission suggest an adaptive antiviral response of queens aimed at reducing vertical transmission over time.

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    Authors: Sabatini, Francesco Maria; Lenoir, Jonathan; Hattab, Tarek; Arnst, Elise Aimee; +201 Authors

    Abstract Motivation Assessing biodiversity status and trends in plant communities is critical for understanding, quantifying and predicting the effects of global change on ecosystems. Vegetation plots record the occurrence or abundance of all plant species co‐occurring within delimited local areas. This allows species absences to be inferred, information seldom provided by existing global plant datasets. Although many vegetation plots have been recorded, most are not available to the global research community. A recent initiative, called ‘sPlot’, compiled the first global vegetation plot database, and continues to grow and curate it. The sPlot database, however, is extremely unbalanced spatially and environmentally, and is not open‐access. Here, we address both these issues by (a) resampling the vegetation plots using several environmental variables as sampling strata and (b) securing permission from data holders of 105 local‐to‐regional datasets to openly release data. We thus present sPlotOpen, the largest open‐access dataset of vegetation plots ever released. sPlotOpen can be used to explore global diversity at the plant community level, as ground truth data in remote sensing applications, or as a baseline for biodiversity monitoring. Main types of variable contained Vegetation plots (n = 95,104) recording cover or abundance of naturally co‐occurring vascular plant species within delimited areas. sPlotOpen contains three partially overlapping resampled datasets (c. 50,000 plots each), to be used as replicates in global analyses. Besides geographical location, date, plot size, biome, elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation type, naturalness, coverage of various vegetation layers, and source dataset, plot‐level data also include community‐weighted means and variances of 18 plant functional traits from the TRY Plant Trait Database. Spatial location and grain Global, 0.01–40,000 m². Time period and grain 1888–2015, recording dates. Major taxa and level of measurement 42,677 vascular plant taxa, plot‐level records. Software format Three main matrices (.csv), relationally linked. Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711 National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungar http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100018818 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100020056 Russian Foundation for Basic Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002261 Grantová Agentura České Republiky http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001824 Agence Nationale de la Recherche http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 Brazil’s National Council of Scientific and Technological Development Horizon 2020 Framework Programme http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661 U.S. National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 Akademie Věd České Republiky http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004240 H2020 European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663 Spanish Research Agency http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Narodowe Centrum Nauki http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004281 Volkswagen Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001663 Basque Government http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003086 Fundación BBVA http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007406 Villum Fonden http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008398 NSF http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100003187 Latvia grant

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    Global Ecology and Biogeography
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    https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-...
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    Authors: Herman Hummel; Pim Van Avesaath; Sander Wijnhoven; Loran Kleine-Schaars; +47 Authors

    Within the COST action EMBOS (European Marine Biodiversity Observatory System) the degree and variation of the diversity and densities of soft-bottom communities from the lower intertidal or the shallow subtidal was measured at 28 marine sites along the European coastline (Baltic, Atlantic, Mediterranean) using jointly agreed and harmonized protocols, tools and indicators. The hypothesis tested was that the diversity for all taxonomic groups would decrease with increasing latitude. The EMBOS system delivered accurate and comparable data on the diversity and densities of the soft sediment macrozoobenthic community over a large-scale gradient along the European coastline. In contrast to general biogeographic theory, species diversity showed no linear relationship with latitude, yet a bell-shaped relation was found. The diversity and densities of benthos were mostly positively correlated with environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, mud and organic matter content in sediment, or wave height, and related with location characteristics such as system type (lagoons, estuaries, open coast) or stratum (intertidal, subtidal). For some relationships, a maximum (e.g. temperature from 15–20°C; mud content of sediment around 40%) or bimodal curve (e.g. salinity) was found. In lagoons the densities were twice higher than in other locations, and at open coasts the diversity was much lower than in other locations. We conclude that latitudinal trends and regional differences in diversity and densities are strongly influenced by, i.e. merely the result of, particular sets and ranges of environmental factors and location characteristics specific to certain areas, such as the Baltic, with typical salinity clines (favouring insects) and the Mediterranean, with higher temperatures (favouring crustaceans). Therefore, eventual trends with latitude are primarily indirect and so can be overcome by local variation of environmental factors.

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    Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom; NARCIS
    Article . 2017 . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom; NARCIS
      Article . 2017 . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Kotta, Jonne; Orav-Kotta, Helen; Janes, Holger; Hummel, Herman; +39 Authors

    Coastal ecosystems are highly complex and driven by multiple environmental factors. To date we lack scientific evidence for the relative contribution of natural and anthropogenic drivers for the majority of marine habitats in order to adequately assess the role of different stressors across the European seas. Such relationship can be investigated by analysing the correlation between environmental variables and biotic patterns in multivariate space and taking into account non-linearities. Within the framework of the EMBOS (European Marine Biodiversity Observatory System) programme, hard bottom intertidal communities were sampled in a standardized way across European seas. Links between key natural and anthropogenic drivers and hard bottom communities were analysed using Boosted Regression Trees modelling. The study identified strong interregional variability and showed that patterns of hard bottom macroalgal and invertebrate communities were primarily a function of tidal regime, nutrient loading and water temperature (anomalies). The strength and shape of functional form relationships varied widely however among types of organisms (understorey algae composing mostly filamentous species, canopy-forming algae or sessile invertebrates) and aggregated community variables (cover or richness). Tidal regime significantly modulated the effect of nutrient load on the cover and richness of understorey algae and sessile invertebrates. In contrast, hydroclimate was more important for canopy algae and temperature anomalies and hydroclimate separately or interactively contributed to the observed patterns. The analyses also suggested that climate-induced shifts in weather patterns may result in the loss of algal richness and thereby in the loss of functional diversity in European hard bottom intertidal areas. Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2016 This article is based upon work from COST Action ES1003 Development and implementation of a pan-European Marine Biodiversity Observatory System (EMBOS), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). Jonne Kotta, Holger Jänes and Helen Orav-Kotta were supported by Institutional research funding IUT02-20 of the Estonian Research Council and the BONUS project BAMBI, the joint Baltic Sea research and development programme (Art 185), funded jointly from the European Union's Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration and from the Estonian Research Council. Pedro Ribeiro was supported by FCT through post-doctoral grant ref. SFRH/BPD/69232/2010 funded through QREN and COMPETE, and the strategic project UID/MAR/04292/2013 granted to MARE. Jérōme Jourde was financially supported by the Région Poitou-Charentes through CPER funding, La Rochelle University and CNRS. Martina Dal Bello and Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi were supported by a grant from the Italian Ministry for Research and Education (PRIN project ‘Biocostruzioni costiere: struttura, funzione, e gestione’). Gil Rilov was partly supported by the Israeli Science Foundation (grant number 1217/10) and the Israel Ministry of Environmental Protection. Valentina Kirienko Fernandes de Matos was supported by the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) through a doctoral grant (ref. SFRH/BD/86390/2012). Emilia Jankowska and Jan Marcin Węsławski were supported by the Statutory Funds of Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences.

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