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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Lisa Michelat; Abdelwahid Mellouki; A. R. Ravishankara; Hajar El Othmani; +3 Authors

    International audience; Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) and related haloalkenes are a family of compounds, primarily man-made, with many industrial applications. Gas phase electrophilic addition of OH to the olefinic bond represents the primary sink for these chemicals in the atmosphere. The degree and type of halogenation strongly affect their chemical reactivity, leading to differing reactivities with the OH radical that have presented a challenge for structure-activity relationships (SARs). Here, we investigate and extend the SARs to estimate temperature-dependent OH reaction rate coefficients, k(T), at tropospheric temperatures. We considered two techniques: the group additivity approach of Atkinson and co-workers and the recent method of Tokuhashi and co-workers; we found the latter to make superior predictions for halogenated olefins. We extended Tokuhashi et al.’s SAR to include more olefins and to predict temperature dependencies. We compared SAR predictions against new absolute k(T) for two HFOs (3,3,3 trifluoropropene and 1,1,3,3 tetrafluoropropene) measured using the pulsed laser photolysis–laser-induced fluorescence technique from 212 to 373K. The Arrhenius expressions were determined as kOH+CF3CH=CH2(T) = (8.86±0.82)×10 13exp[(159±26)/T] and kOH+CF2HCH=CF2(T) = (7.46±0.34)×10 13exp[(365±12)/T]. The measured k(T) was predicted accurately between 200 and 400K using the modified Tokuhashi approach. Our new measurements of the OH reaction rate coefficient with 3,3,3 trifluoropropene were in excellent agreement with literature determinations. We represent the first reported k(T) for 1,1,3,3 tetrafluoropropene.Given that new HFOs enter the market frequently, such estimation techniques may be a helpful screening tool for assessing their environmental impact before they are examined further and reach the mass–production phase.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL Descartes; Hyper...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: STM Policy #29
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL Descartes; Hyper...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: STM Policy #29
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Lyubomir Penev; Dimitrios Koureas; Quentin Groom; Jerry Lanfear; +19 Authors

    BiCIKL is an European Union Horizon 2020 project that will initiate and build a new European starting community of key research infrastructures, establishing open science practices in the domain of biodiversity through provision of access to data, associated tools and services at each separate stage of and along the entire research cycle. BiCIKL will provide new methods and workflows for an integrated access to harvesting, liberating, linking, accessing and re-using of subarticle-level data (specimens, material citations, samples, sequences, taxonomic names, taxonomic treatments, figures, tables) extracted from literature. BiCIKL will provide for the first time access and tools for seamless linking and usage tracking of data along the line: specimens > sequences > species > analytics > publications > biodiversity knowledge graph > re-use.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Research Ideas and O...arrow_drop_down
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    Research Ideas and Outcomes
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO; Research Ideas and Outcomes
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2022
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Research Ideas and O...arrow_drop_down
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      Research Ideas and Outcomes
      Article
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO; Research Ideas and Outcomes
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
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      Article . 2022
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Chênais, Nathalie; Nóbrega, Rafael; Thomas, Manon; Porcon, Béatrice; +6 Authors

    National audience; Les mécanismes impliqués dans le renouvèlement des cellules germinales souches chez les mâles immatures ou chez les individus adultes sexuellement matures restent très mal connus, en particulier chez les poissons. La production d'organoïdes testiculaires est une approche de choix pour étudier les interactions moléculaires entre les cellules somatiques et les cellules germinales ainsi que les modes de divisions symétriques et/ou asymétriques des cellules souches germinales. En effet, au contraire des cultures 2D, les organoïdes pourraient permettre de reproduire une niche germinale plus proche de celle rencontrée in vivo.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL Descartes; HAL-R...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL Descartes; HAL-R...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Mayer-Laigle, Claire;

    Au coeur de la raffinerie sèche du végétal : description mécanistique des procédés et conception de poudres fonctionnalisées pour la chimie, l'énergie et les matériaux.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Benito Gutierrez, Elia; Gattoni, Giacomo; Stemmer, Manuel; Rohr, Silvia D; +5 Authors

    Abstract: Background: The evolutionary origin of the telencephalon, the most anterior part of the vertebrate brain, remains obscure. Since no obvious counterpart to the telencephalon has yet been identified in invertebrate chordates, it is difficult to trace telencephalic origins. One way to identify homologous brain parts between distantly related animal groups is to focus on the combinatorial expression of conserved regionalisation genes that specify brain regions. Results: Here, we report the combined expression of conserved transcription factors known to specify the telencephalon in the vertebrates in the chordate amphioxus. Focusing on adult specimens, we detect specific co-expression of these factors in the dorsal part of the anterior brain vesicle, which we refer to as Pars anterodorsalis (PAD). As in vertebrates, expression of the transcription factors FoxG1, Emx and Lhx2/9 overlaps that of Pax4/6 dorsally and of Nkx2.1 ventrally, where we also detect expression of the Hedgehog ligand. This specific pattern of co-expression is not observed prior to metamorphosis. Similar to the vertebrate telencephalon, the amphioxus PAD is characterised by the presence of GABAergic neurons and dorsal accumulations of glutamatergic as well as dopaminergic neurons. We also observe sustained proliferation of neuronal progenitors at the ventricular zone of the amphioxus brain vesicle, as observed in the vertebrate brain. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the PAD in the adult amphioxus brain vesicle and the vertebrate telencephalon evolved from the same brain precursor region in ancestral chordates, which would imply homology of these structures. Our comparative data also indicate that this ancestral brain already contained GABA-, glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons, as is characteristic for the olfactory bulb of the vertebrate telencephalon. We further speculate that the telencephalon might have evolved in vertebrates via a heterochronic shift in developmental timing. Funder: FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011264; Grant(s): 229597

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    BMC Biology
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    ZENODO; BMC Biology
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2021
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    Article . 2021
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      Article . 2021
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      Article . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Damiano Archetti; Alexandra L. Young; Alexandra L. Young; Neil P. Oxtoby; +9 Authors

    Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which spans several years from preclinical manifestations to dementia. In recent years, interest in the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms to personalized medicine has grown considerably, and a major challenge that such models face is the transferability from the research settings to clinical practice. The objective of this work was to demonstrate the transferability of the Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) model from well-characterized research data set, employed as training set, to independent less-structured and heterogeneous test sets representative of the clinical setting. The training set was composed of MRI data of 1043 subjects from the Alzheimer’s disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), and the test set was composed of data from 767 subjects from OASIS, Pharma-Cog, and ViTA clinical datasets. Both sets included subjects covering the entire spectrum of AD, and for both sets volumes of relevant brain regions were derived from T1-3D MRI scans processed with Freesurfer v5.3 cross-sectional stream. In order to assess the predictive value of the model, subpopulations of subjects with stable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and MCIs that progressed to AD dementia (pMCI) were identified in both sets. SuStaIn identified three disease subtypes, of which the most prevalent corresponded to the typical atrophy pattern of AD. The other SuStaIn subtypes exhibited similarities with the previously defined hippocampal sparing and limbic predominant atrophy patterns of AD. Subject subtyping proved to be consistent in time for all cohorts and the staging provided by the model was correlated with cognitive performance. Classification of subjects on the basis of a combination of SuStaIn subtype and stage, mini mental state examination and amyloid-β1-42 cerebrospinal fluid concentration was proven to predict conversion from MCI to AD dementia on par with other novel statistical algorithms, with ROC curves that were not statistically different for the training and test sets and with area under curve respectively equal to 0.77 and 0.76. This study proves the transferability of a SuStaIn model for AD from research data to less-structured clinical cohorts, and indicates transferability to the clinical setting.

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    Frontiers in Big Data
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    Frontiers in Big Data
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gilles Otten; Arthur Vigan; Eduard Muslimov; Mamadou N'Diaye; +18 Authors

    Studies of atmospheres of directly imaged exoplanets with high-resolution spectrographs have shown that their characterization is predominantly limited by noise on the stellar halo at the location of the studied exoplanet. An instrumental combination of high-contrast imaging and high spectral resolution that suppresses this noise and resolves the spectral lines can therefore yield higher quality spectra. We study the performance of the proposed HiRISE fiber coupling between the SPHERE and CRIRES+ at the VLT for spectral characterization of directly imaged planets. Using end-to-end simulations of HiRISE we determine the S/N of the detection of molecular species for known exoplanets in $H$ and $K$ bands, and compare them to CRIRES+. We investigate the ultimate detection limits of HiRISE as a function of stellar magnitude, and we quantify the impact of different coronagraphs and of the system transmission. We find that HiRISE largely outperforms CRIRES+ for companions around bright hosts like $��$ Pic or 51 Eri. For an $H=3.5$ host, we observe a gain of a factor of up to 16 in observing time with HiRISE to reach the same S/N on a companion at 200 mas. More generally, HiRISE provides better performance than CRIRES+ in two-hour integration times between 50-350 mas for hosts with $H<8.5$ and between 50-700 mas for $H<7$. For fainter hosts like PDS 70 and HIP 65426, no significant improvements are observed. We find that using no coronagraph yields the best S/N when characterizing known exoplanets due to higher transmission and fiber-based starlight suppression. We demonstrate that the overall transmission of the system is in fact the main driver of performance. Finally, we show that HiRISE outperforms the best detection limits of SPHERE for bright stars, opening major possibilities for the characterization of future planetary companions detected by other techniques. 21 pages, 17 figures. 2 tables. Originally accepted for publication in A&A. Revised version after error in sky background was discovered (too high) and corrected in proofing stage. Revisions made in Abstract, Sections 3-6 and Figures 6-12,C1,C2 that address the changes in performance. Resubmitted to A&A

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    Astronomy and Astrophysics
    Other literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Astronomy and Astrophysics
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    https://doi.org/10.48350/16648...
    Article . 2021
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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2020
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    Hal-Diderot
    Preprint . 2020
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    Authors: Patricia Deng; Anzer Khan; Dionna Jacobson; Nagraj Sambrani; +8 Authors

    ADAR RNA editing enzymes are high-affinity dsRNA-binding proteins that deaminate adenosines to inosines in pre-mRNA hairpins and also exert editing-independent effects. We generated a Drosophila AdarE374A mutant strain encoding a catalytically inactive Adar with CRISPR/Cas9. We demonstrate that Adar adenosine deamination activity is necessary for normal locomotion and prevents age-dependent neurodegeneration. The catalytically inactive protein, when expressed at a higher than physiological level, can rescue neurodegeneration in Adar mutants, suggesting also editing-independent effects. Furthermore, loss of Adar RNA editing activity leads to innate immune induction, indicating that Drosophila Adar, despite being the homolog of mammalian ADAR2, also has functions similar to mammalian ADAR1. The innate immune induction in fly Adar mutants is suppressed by silencing of Dicer-2, which has a RNA helicase domain similar to MDA5 that senses unedited dsRNAs in mammalian Adar1 mutants. Our work demonstrates that the single Adar enzyme in Drosophila unexpectedly has dual functions. Human RNA editing enzymes ADAR1 and ADAR2 are required for innate immune functions and neurological functions, respectively. Here, the authors show that Drosophila Adar has both innate immune and brain functions, despite being the homolog of mammalian ADAR2.

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    Nature Communications
    Other literature type . Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Europe PubMed Central
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Nature Communications
    Article . 2020
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  • Authors: Shvaiko, Pavel; Euzenat, Jérôme; Jiménez-Ruiz, Ernesto; Hassanzadeh, Oktie; +1 Authors

    15th International Workshop on Ontology Matching co-located with the 19th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2020); International audience

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    Authors: Susanne R. de Rooij; Henri J.M.M. Mutsaerts; Jan Petr; Iris Asllani; +5 Authors

    Early nutritional deprivation may cause irreversible damage to the brain and seems to affect cognitive function in older age. We investigated whether prenatal undernutrition was associated with brain perfusion differences in older age. We acquired Arterial spin labeling scans in 118 Dutch famine birth cohort members. Using linear regression analyses, cerebral blood flow was compared between exposed and unexposed groups in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM), perfusion territories, the neurodegeneration-related regions anterior and posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. Furthermore, we compared the GM/WM ratio and the spatial coefficient of variation as a proxy of overall cerebrovascular health. The WM arterial spin labeling signal and the GM/WM ratio were significantly lower and higher, respectively, among exposed participants (-2.5 mL/100 g/min [95% CI: -4.3 to -0.8; p = 0.01] and 0.48 [0.19 to 0.76; p = 0.002], respectively). Exposed men had lower cerebral blood flow in anterior and posterior cingulate cortices (-8.0 mL/100 g/min [-15.1 to -0.9; p = 0.03]; -11.4 mL/100 g/min [-19.6 to -3.2; p = 0.02]) and higher spatial coefficient of variation (0.05 [0.00 to 0.09; p = 0.05]). The latter seemed largely mediated by higher 2h-glucose levels at age 50. Our findings suggest that prenatal undernutrition affects brain perfusion parameters providing further evidence for life-long effects of undernutrition during early brain development.

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    Neurobiology of Aging
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Neurobiology of Aging
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Lisa Michelat; Abdelwahid Mellouki; A. R. Ravishankara; Hajar El Othmani; +3 Authors

    International audience; Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) and related haloalkenes are a family of compounds, primarily man-made, with many industrial applications. Gas phase electrophilic addition of OH to the olefinic bond represents the primary sink for these chemicals in the atmosphere. The degree and type of halogenation strongly affect their chemical reactivity, leading to differing reactivities with the OH radical that have presented a challenge for structure-activity relationships (SARs). Here, we investigate and extend the SARs to estimate temperature-dependent OH reaction rate coefficients, k(T), at tropospheric temperatures. We considered two techniques: the group additivity approach of Atkinson and co-workers and the recent method of Tokuhashi and co-workers; we found the latter to make superior predictions for halogenated olefins. We extended Tokuhashi et al.’s SAR to include more olefins and to predict temperature dependencies. We compared SAR predictions against new absolute k(T) for two HFOs (3,3,3 trifluoropropene and 1,1,3,3 tetrafluoropropene) measured using the pulsed laser photolysis–laser-induced fluorescence technique from 212 to 373K. The Arrhenius expressions were determined as kOH+CF3CH=CH2(T) = (8.86±0.82)×10 13exp[(159±26)/T] and kOH+CF2HCH=CF2(T) = (7.46±0.34)×10 13exp[(365±12)/T]. The measured k(T) was predicted accurately between 200 and 400K using the modified Tokuhashi approach. Our new measurements of the OH reaction rate coefficient with 3,3,3 trifluoropropene were in excellent agreement with literature determinations. We represent the first reported k(T) for 1,1,3,3 tetrafluoropropene.Given that new HFOs enter the market frequently, such estimation techniques may be a helpful screening tool for assessing their environmental impact before they are examined further and reach the mass–production phase.

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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: STM Policy #29
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL Descartes; Hyper...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Lyubomir Penev; Dimitrios Koureas; Quentin Groom; Jerry Lanfear; +19 Authors

    BiCIKL is an European Union Horizon 2020 project that will initiate and build a new European starting community of key research infrastructures, establishing open science practices in the domain of biodiversity through provision of access to data, associated tools and services at each separate stage of and along the entire research cycle. BiCIKL will provide new methods and workflows for an integrated access to harvesting, liberating, linking, accessing and re-using of subarticle-level data (specimens, material citations, samples, sequences, taxonomic names, taxonomic treatments, figures, tables) extracted from literature. BiCIKL will provide for the first time access and tools for seamless linking and usage tracking of data along the line: specimens &gt; sequences &gt; species &gt; analytics &gt; publications &gt; biodiversity knowledge graph &gt; re-use.

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    Research Ideas and Outcomes
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    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      Research Ideas and Outcomes
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      ZENODO; Research Ideas and Outcomes
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    Authors: Chênais, Nathalie; Nóbrega, Rafael; Thomas, Manon; Porcon, Béatrice; +6 Authors

    National audience; Les mécanismes impliqués dans le renouvèlement des cellules germinales souches chez les mâles immatures ou chez les individus adultes sexuellement matures restent très mal connus, en particulier chez les poissons. La production d'organoïdes testiculaires est une approche de choix pour étudier les interactions moléculaires entre les cellules somatiques et les cellules germinales ainsi que les modes de divisions symétriques et/ou asymétriques des cellules souches germinales. En effet, au contraire des cultures 2D, les organoïdes pourraient permettre de reproduire une niche germinale plus proche de celle rencontrée in vivo.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL Descartes; HAL-R...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Mayer-Laigle, Claire;

    Au coeur de la raffinerie sèche du végétal : description mécanistique des procédés et conception de poudres fonctionnalisées pour la chimie, l'énergie et les matériaux.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Benito Gutierrez, Elia; Gattoni, Giacomo; Stemmer, Manuel; Rohr, Silvia D; +5 Authors

    Abstract: Background: The evolutionary origin of the telencephalon, the most anterior part of the vertebrate brain, remains obscure. Since no obvious counterpart to the telencephalon has yet been identified in invertebrate chordates, it is difficult to trace telencephalic origins. One way to identify homologous brain parts between distantly related animal groups is to focus on the combinatorial expression of conserved regionalisation genes that specify brain regions. Results: Here, we report the combined expression of conserved transcription factors known to specify the telencephalon in the vertebrates in the chordate amphioxus. Focusing on adult specimens, we detect specific co-expression of these factors in the dorsal part of the anterior brain vesicle, which we refer to as Pars anterodorsalis (PAD). As in vertebrates, expression of the transcription factors FoxG1, Emx and Lhx2/9 overlaps that of Pax4/6 dorsally and of Nkx2.1 ventrally, where we also detect expression of the Hedgehog ligand. This specific pattern of co-expression is not observed prior to metamorphosis. Similar to the vertebrate telencephalon, the amphioxus PAD is characterised by the presence of GABAergic neurons and dorsal accumulations of glutamatergic as well as dopaminergic neurons. We also observe sustained proliferation of neuronal progenitors at the ventricular zone of the amphioxus brain vesicle, as observed in the vertebrate brain. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the PAD in the adult amphioxus brain vesicle and the vertebrate telencephalon evolved from the same brain precursor region in ancestral chordates, which would imply homology of these structures. Our comparative data also indicate that this ancestral brain already contained GABA-, glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons, as is characteristic for the olfactory bulb of the vertebrate telencephalon. We further speculate that the telencephalon might have evolved in vertebrates via a heterochronic shift in developmental timing. Funder: FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011264; Grant(s): 229597

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    BMC Biology
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    ZENODO; BMC Biology
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2021
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    Article . 2021
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      Article . 2021
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    Authors: Damiano Archetti; Alexandra L. Young; Alexandra L. Young; Neil P. Oxtoby; +9 Authors

    Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which spans several years from preclinical manifestations to dementia. In recent years, interest in the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms to personalized medicine has grown considerably, and a major challenge that such models face is the transferability from the research settings to clinical practice. The objective of this work was to demonstrate the transferability of the Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) model from well-characterized research data set, employed as training set, to independent less-structured and heterogeneous test sets representative of the clinical setting. The training set was composed of MRI data of 1043 subjects from the Alzheimer’s disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), and the test set was composed of data from 767 subjects from OASIS, Pharma-Cog, and ViTA clinical datasets. Both sets included subjects covering the entire spectrum of AD, and for both sets volumes of relevant brain regions were derived from T1-3D MRI scans processed with Freesurfer v5.3 cross-sectional stream. In order to assess the predictive value of the model, subpopulations of subjects with stable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and MCIs that progressed to AD dementia (pMCI) were identified in both sets. SuStaIn identified three disease subtypes, of which the most prevalent corresponded to the typical atrophy pattern of AD. The other SuStaIn subtypes exhibited similarities with the previously defined hippocampal sparing and limbic predominant atrophy patterns of AD. Subject subtyping proved to be consistent in time for all cohorts and the staging provided by the model was correlated with cognitive performance. Classification of subjects on the basis of a combination of SuStaIn subtype and stage, mini mental state examination and amyloid-β1-42 cerebrospinal fluid concentration was proven to predict conversion from MCI to AD dementia on par with other novel statistical algorithms, with ROC curves that were not statistically different for the training and test sets and with area under curve respectively equal to 0.77 and 0.76. This study proves the transferability of a SuStaIn model for AD from research data to less-structured clinical cohorts, and indicates transferability to the clinical setting.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gilles Otten; Arthur Vigan; Eduard Muslimov; Mamadou N'Diaye; +18 Authors

    Studies of atmospheres of directly imaged exoplanets with high-resolution spectrographs have shown that their characterization is predominantly limited by noise on the stellar halo at the location of the studied exoplanet. An instrumental combination of high-contrast imaging and high spectral resolution that suppresses this noise and resolves the spectral lines can therefore yield higher quality spectra. We study the performance of the proposed HiRISE fiber coupling between the SPHERE and CRIRES+ at the VLT for spectral characterization of directly imaged planets. Using end-to-end simulations of HiRISE we determine the S/N of the detection of molecular species for known exoplanets in $H$ and $K$ bands, and compare them to CRIRES+. We investigate the ultimate detection limits of HiRISE as a function of stellar magnitude, and we quantify the impact of different coronagraphs and of the system transmission. We find that HiRISE largely outperforms CRIRES+ for companions around bright hosts like $��$ Pic or 51 Eri. For an $H=3.5$ host, we observe a gain of a factor of up to 16 in observing time with HiRISE to reach the same S/N on a companion at 200 mas. More generally, HiRISE provides better performance than CRIRES+ in two-hour integration times between 50-350 mas for hosts with $H<8.5$ and between 50-700 mas for $H<7$. For fainter hosts like PDS 70 and HIP 65426, no significant improvements are observed. We find that using no coronagraph yields the best S/N when characterizing known exoplanets due to higher transmission and fiber-based starlight suppression. We demonstrate that the overall transmission of the system is in fact the main driver of performance. Finally, we show that HiRISE outperforms the best detection limits of SPHERE for bright stars, opening major possibilities for the characterization of future planetary companions detected by other techniques. 21 pages, 17 figures. 2 tables. Originally accepted for publication in A&A. Revised version after error in sky background was discovered (too high) and corrected in proofing stage. Revisions made in Abstract, Sections 3-6 and Figures 6-12,C1,C2 that address the changes in performance. Resubmitted to A&A

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    Astronomy and Astrophysics
    Other literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Astronomy and Astrophysics
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    https://doi.org/10.48350/16648...
    Article . 2021
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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2020
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    Hal-Diderot
    Preprint . 2020
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    Authors: Patricia Deng; Anzer Khan; Dionna Jacobson; Nagraj Sambrani; +8 Authors

    ADAR RNA editing enzymes are high-affinity dsRNA-binding proteins that deaminate adenosines to inosines in pre-mRNA hairpins and also exert editing-independent effects. We generated a Drosophila AdarE374A mutant strain encoding a catalytically inactive Adar with CRISPR/Cas9. We demonstrate that Adar adenosine deamination activity is necessary for normal locomotion and prevents age-dependent neurodegeneration. The catalytically inactive protein, when expressed at a higher than physiological level, can rescue neurodegeneration in Adar mutants, suggesting also editing-independent effects. Furthermore, loss of Adar RNA editing activity leads to innate immune induction, indicating that Drosophila Adar, despite being the homolog of mammalian ADAR2, also has functions similar to mammalian ADAR1. The innate immune induction in fly Adar mutants is suppressed by silencing of Dicer-2, which has a RNA helicase domain similar to MDA5 that senses unedited dsRNAs in mammalian Adar1 mutants. Our work demonstrates that the single Adar enzyme in Drosophila unexpectedly has dual functions. Human RNA editing enzymes ADAR1 and ADAR2 are required for innate immune functions and neurological functions, respectively. Here, the authors show that Drosophila Adar has both innate immune and brain functions, despite being the homolog of mammalian ADAR2.

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    Nature Communications
    Other literature type . Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Europe PubMed Central
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Shvaiko, Pavel; Euzenat, Jérôme; Jiménez-Ruiz, Ernesto; Hassanzadeh, Oktie; +1 Authors

    15th International Workshop on Ontology Matching co-located with the 19th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2020); International audience

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    Authors: Susanne R. de Rooij; Henri J.M.M. Mutsaerts; Jan Petr; Iris Asllani; +5 Authors

    Early nutritional deprivation may cause irreversible damage to the brain and seems to affect cognitive function in older age. We investigated whether prenatal undernutrition was associated with brain perfusion differences in older age. We acquired Arterial spin labeling scans in 118 Dutch famine birth cohort members. Using linear regression analyses, cerebral blood flow was compared between exposed and unexposed groups in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM), perfusion territories, the neurodegeneration-related regions anterior and posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. Furthermore, we compared the GM/WM ratio and the spatial coefficient of variation as a proxy of overall cerebrovascular health. The WM arterial spin labeling signal and the GM/WM ratio were significantly lower and higher, respectively, among exposed participants (-2.5 mL/100 g/min [95% CI: -4.3 to -0.8; p = 0.01] and 0.48 [0.19 to 0.76; p = 0.002], respectively). Exposed men had lower cerebral blood flow in anterior and posterior cingulate cortices (-8.0 mL/100 g/min [-15.1 to -0.9; p = 0.03]; -11.4 mL/100 g/min [-19.6 to -3.2; p = 0.02]) and higher spatial coefficient of variation (0.05 [0.00 to 0.09; p = 0.05]). The latter seemed largely mediated by higher 2h-glucose levels at age 50. Our findings suggest that prenatal undernutrition affects brain perfusion parameters providing further evidence for life-long effects of undernutrition during early brain development.

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    Neurobiology of Aging
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Neurobiology of Aging
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