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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Petkov, Peter; Lyubenov, Evelyn;

    This paper presents an easy to apply approach to extend the range and improve the data speed of a cellular phone in areas with poor coverage or provide access outside the planned coverage. The system is based on passive retranslation (passive repeater) and inductive (space wave) antenna coupling. Sample designs are presented and measurement results delivered.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Conference object . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    ZENODO
    Article . 2024
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Conference object . 2024
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: ZENODO
      ZENODO
      Article . 2024
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Alexieva, Pavlina; Petkov, Peter;

    Solar observations in radio spectrum are highly important for us. They can bring us valuable information about the dynamic between the sun energetic particles and the Earth and our lives more specifically. The paper discusses the idea behind choosing a LPDA antenna for solar observations, why that would be really useful and what are the expectations. We modeled and simulated a LPDA antenna, based and calculated by the theoretical equations for this type of antennas and compare it to a well-known similar antenna with good remarks - CLP-5130-1N.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Conference object . 2024
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    ZENODO
    Article . 2024
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Conference object . 2024
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      ZENODO
      Article . 2024
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Petkova, Diana; Tsekov, Trifon; Petkov, Peter;

    Microstrip antenna arrays became increasingly popular in modern antenna applications due to their simplicity, compact size, and ease of mass production. One of the biggest issues in antenna arrays of microstrip antennas is the strong mutual coupling between neighbouring elements, due to their spacing and surface waves propagation, that severely impacts the active impedances and antenna pattern. The present paper discusses an opportunity to mitigate this undesirable impact. As a frequency selective surface, a mushroom-like EBG is selected, designed, and analysed with emerging technology of Floquet theorem applications (Floquet ports). The mutual coupling is estimated against the size of the EBG structure. The paper presents a straightforward and computational non-intensive approach to design and evaluate various EBG structures in a close-to-real application environment.

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    ZENODO
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    ZENODO
    Article . 2024
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Conference object . 2024
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      ZENODO
      Article . 2024
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Fan, Jingzhi; Schiemer, Theresa; Vaska, Annija; Jahed, Vahid; +1 Authors

    The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) cell viability assay, also known as WST-8, is widely recognized for its nontoxic nature, making it suitable for further studies on treated cells. This practice is commonly observed in the field of tissue engineering. While live/dead imaging may not readily reveal macroscopic differences, our investigation has uncovered significant intracellular metabolic changes. Notably, we observed substantial down-regulation of metabolites within the glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways. These metabolic alterations predominantly affect energy metabolism and may potentially impact the cellular redox environment. In light of these findings, we strongly recommend that researchers exercise caution when using cells treated with CCK-8 in subsequent experiments.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Chemical Research in...arrow_drop_down
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    Chemical Research in Toxicology; ZENODO
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: ZENODO; Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Chemical Research in...arrow_drop_down
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      Chemical Research in Toxicology; ZENODO
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC ND
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: T. Lyras; I.K. Karathanassis; N. Kyriazis; P. Koukouvinis; +1 Authors

    The present numerical investigation of two-phase flashing flows examines the injection of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen into near-vacuum conditions prevailing in the upper-stage boosters of rocket engines. The predictive capability of a pressure-based solver and a density-based solver, each employing distinct approaches related to the imposed phase-change rate and thermodynamics closure, has been comparatively evaluated. Regarding the pressure-based solver, the departure from thermodynamic equilibrium during phase-change has been taken into account via the implementation of a bubble-dynamics model employing the Hertz-Knudsen equation. In contrast, the density-based solver relies on the adoption of thermodynamic equilibrium while real-fluid thermodynamic properties are assumed by loading tabulated values to the solver. Each thermodynamic property value was calculated in advance by solving the Helmholtz Equation of State (EoS) for a wide range of density and internal energy conditions. Numerical findings have been compared against experimental data available in the literature. The comparison demonstrates the capability of both methodologies in capturing the evolution of cryogenic flashing flow expansion, phase-change, and spray formation. The salient features identified in the numerical results, i.e., the expansion sphere immediately downstream of the injector exit, the bell-shaped topology of the spray, as well as the dependency of the spray cone angle on superheat, are in agreement with experimental measurements. Especially the density-based approach has been proven highly accurate with respect to the steady expanding flow described by a level of superheat in the range of 3 to 245, while also being independent of any parameter tuning.

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    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Ktisis
    Article . 2024
    Data sources: Ktisis
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Applied Thermal Engi...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Applied Thermal Engineering
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Ktisis
      Article . 2024
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pop, Cristina Bianca; Cioara, Tudor; Chifu, Viorica; Anghel, Ionut; +1 Authors

    The rise of renewables coincides with the shift towards Electrical Vehicles (EVs) posing technical and operational challenges for the energy balance of the local grid. Nowadays, the energy grid cannot deal with a spike in EVs usage leading to a need for more coordinated and grid aware EVs charging and discharging strategies. However, coordinating power flow from multiple EVs into the grid requires sophisticated algorithms and load-balancing strategies as the complexity increases with more control variables and EVs, necessitating large optimization and decision search spaces. In this paper, we propose an EVs fleet coordination model for the day ahead aiming to ensure a reliable energy supply and maintain a stable local grid, by utilizing EVs to store surplus energy and discharge it during periods of energy deficit. The optimization problem is addressed using Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) considering criteria related to energy grid balancing, time usage preference, and the location of EV drivers. The EVs schedules, associated with the position of individuals from the population, are adjusted through exploration and exploitation operations, and their technical and operational feasibility is ensured, while the rabbit individual is updated with a non-dominated EV schedule selected per iteration using a roulette wheel algorithm. The solution is evaluated within the framework of an e-mobility service in Terni city. The results indicate that coordinated charging and discharging of EVs not only meet balancing service requirements but also align with user preferences with minimal deviations. Submitted to Elsevier journal

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ arXiv.org e-Print Ar...arrow_drop_down
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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY NC ND
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      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Torims,Toms; Vretenar,Maurizio; Nikitovic,Lazar;

    Abstract In the frame of ongoing initiatives for the design of a new generation of synchrotron-based accelerators for cancer therapy with ion beams, an analysis of linac designs has been started, to address a critical element with a strong impact on the performance and cost of the accelerator. The goal is to identify alternatives at lower cost and a similar or possibly smaller footprint than the standard 217 MHz injector presently used in all carbon therapy facilities in Europe. As an additional feature, a new linac design can be tailored to produce radioisotopes for treatment and diagnostics in parallel with operation as a synchrotron injector. In this paper, the attractive option of moving to 352 MHz frequency is analyzed, to a profit of reliable mechanical designs already developed for protons and of the cost savings that can be obtained using Radiofrequency (RF) power sources klystrons with a much lower cost per Watt than tubes or solid-state units. The paper is presenting a Quasi-Alvarez Drift Tube Linac (QA-DTL) version of an injector linac for carbon ions at q/A=1/3 and compare it with Inter-Digital H-Mode DTL (IH-DTL) designs. The option of a Separated-tank IH-DTL structure (S-IH-DTL) is also discussed, along with a standard IH-DTL, both at 352 MHz. Finally, a DTL design at 352 MHz for the injection of fully stripped helium ions into the synchrotron is presented.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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    CERN Document Server
    Other literature type . 2023
    https://doi.org/10.18429/jacow...
    Conference object . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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      CERN Document Server
      Other literature type . 2023
      https://doi.org/10.18429/jacow...
      Conference object . 2023
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    Authors: G. Giannarakis; I. Tsoumas; I. Tsoumas; S. Neophytides; +4 Authors

    The concept of sustainable intensification in agriculture necessitates the implementation of management practices that prioritize sustainability without compromising productivity. However, the effects of such practices are known to depend on environmental conditions, and are therefore expected to change as a result of a changing climate. We study the impact of crop diversification on productivity in the context of climate change. We leverage heterogeneous Earth Observation data and contribute a data-driven approach based on causal machine learning for understanding how crop diversification impacts may change in the future. We apply this method to the country of Cyprus throughout a 4-year period. We find that, on average, crop diversification significantly benefited the net primary productivity of crops, increasing it by 2.8%. The effect generally synergized well with higher maximum temperatures and lower soil moistures. In a warmer and more drought-prone climate, we conclude that crop diversification exhibits promising adaptation potential and is thus a sensible policy choice with regards to agricultural productivity for present and future. Comment: Accepted for oral presentation at ISPRS Geospatial Week 2023

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    Research@WUR
    Other literature type . 2023
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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
    License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
    Data sources: Datacite
    DOAJ
    Article . 2023
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      Research@WUR
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      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
      License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
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    Authors: Renāte Teterovska; Inga Sile; Artūrs Paulausks; Liga Kovalcuka; +3 Authors

    Ethnobotanical reports from Latvia show that Tanacetum vulgare, Calluna vulgaris, Quercus robur, Artemisa absinthium, and Artemisia vulgaris contain phenolic compounds that have antioxidant properties, which can be beneficial in the treatment and prophylaxis of many diseases. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of these plants. Plant extracts were prepared using ethanol or acetone and then freeze-dried. Their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total tannin content (TTC) were determined and characterized by HPLC. Their antioxidant properties were determined using a DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. C. vulgaris herb and T. vulgare leaf extracts contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, but the bark of Q. robur had mostly tannins and phenolic acids. A. absinthium and A. vulgaris had the lowest amounts of polyphenols. When compared using extraction solvents, all acetone extracts had more TPC, more TFC, and better antioxidant activity. All plants contained chlorogenic acid, which contributes to antioxidant properties. The analysed plant extracts could be used in future studies to develop medicinal products with antioxidant properties.

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    ZENODO; Plants
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      ZENODO; Plants
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Fotios Mpekris; Petri Ch. Papaphilippou; Myrofora Panagi; Chrysovalantis Voutouri; +9 Authors

    Ongoing research is actively exploring the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat solid tumors by inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and reactivating the function of cytotoxic T effector cells. Many types of solid tumors, however, are characterized by a dense and stiff stroma and are difficult to treat. Mechanotherapeutics have formed a recent class of drugs that aim to restore biomechanical abnormalities of the tumor microenvironment, related to increased stiffness and hypo-perfusion. Here, we have developed a polymeric formulation containing pirfenidone, which has been successful in restoring the tumor microenvironment in breast tumors and sarcomas. We found that the micellar formulation can induce similar mechanotherapeutic effects to mouse models of 4T1 and E0771 triple negative breast tumors and MCA205 fibrosarcoma tumors but with a dose 100-fold lower than that of the free pirfenidone. Importantly, a combination of pirfenidone-loaded micelles with immune checkpoint inhibition significantly delayed primary tumor growth, leading to a significant improvement in overall survival and in a complete cure for the E0771 tumor model. Furthermore, the combination treatment increased CD4

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    ACS Nano
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2023
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      ACS Nano
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Petkov, Peter; Lyubenov, Evelyn;

    This paper presents an easy to apply approach to extend the range and improve the data speed of a cellular phone in areas with poor coverage or provide access outside the planned coverage. The system is based on passive retranslation (passive repeater) and inductive (space wave) antenna coupling. Sample designs are presented and measurement results delivered.

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    ZENODO
    Conference object . 2024
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    ZENODO
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      ZENODO
      Conference object . 2024
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    Authors: Alexieva, Pavlina; Petkov, Peter;

    Solar observations in radio spectrum are highly important for us. They can bring us valuable information about the dynamic between the sun energetic particles and the Earth and our lives more specifically. The paper discusses the idea behind choosing a LPDA antenna for solar observations, why that would be really useful and what are the expectations. We modeled and simulated a LPDA antenna, based and calculated by the theoretical equations for this type of antennas and compare it to a well-known similar antenna with good remarks - CLP-5130-1N.

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    ZENODO
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      ZENODO
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    Authors: Petkova, Diana; Tsekov, Trifon; Petkov, Peter;

    Microstrip antenna arrays became increasingly popular in modern antenna applications due to their simplicity, compact size, and ease of mass production. One of the biggest issues in antenna arrays of microstrip antennas is the strong mutual coupling between neighbouring elements, due to their spacing and surface waves propagation, that severely impacts the active impedances and antenna pattern. The present paper discusses an opportunity to mitigate this undesirable impact. As a frequency selective surface, a mushroom-like EBG is selected, designed, and analysed with emerging technology of Floquet theorem applications (Floquet ports). The mutual coupling is estimated against the size of the EBG structure. The paper presents a straightforward and computational non-intensive approach to design and evaluate various EBG structures in a close-to-real application environment.

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    ZENODO
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      ZENODO
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    Authors: Fan, Jingzhi; Schiemer, Theresa; Vaska, Annija; Jahed, Vahid; +1 Authors

    The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) cell viability assay, also known as WST-8, is widely recognized for its nontoxic nature, making it suitable for further studies on treated cells. This practice is commonly observed in the field of tissue engineering. While live/dead imaging may not readily reveal macroscopic differences, our investigation has uncovered significant intracellular metabolic changes. Notably, we observed substantial down-regulation of metabolites within the glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways. These metabolic alterations predominantly affect energy metabolism and may potentially impact the cellular redox environment. In light of these findings, we strongly recommend that researchers exercise caution when using cells treated with CCK-8 in subsequent experiments.

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    Chemical Research in Toxicology; ZENODO
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Chemical Research in Toxicology; ZENODO
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: T. Lyras; I.K. Karathanassis; N. Kyriazis; P. Koukouvinis; +1 Authors

    The present numerical investigation of two-phase flashing flows examines the injection of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen into near-vacuum conditions prevailing in the upper-stage boosters of rocket engines. The predictive capability of a pressure-based solver and a density-based solver, each employing distinct approaches related to the imposed phase-change rate and thermodynamics closure, has been comparatively evaluated. Regarding the pressure-based solver, the departure from thermodynamic equilibrium during phase-change has been taken into account via the implementation of a bubble-dynamics model employing the Hertz-Knudsen equation. In contrast, the density-based solver relies on the adoption of thermodynamic equilibrium while real-fluid thermodynamic properties are assumed by loading tabulated values to the solver. Each thermodynamic property value was calculated in advance by solving the Helmholtz Equation of State (EoS) for a wide range of density and internal energy conditions. Numerical findings have been compared against experimental data available in the literature. The comparison demonstrates the capability of both methodologies in capturing the evolution of cryogenic flashing flow expansion, phase-change, and spray formation. The salient features identified in the numerical results, i.e., the expansion sphere immediately downstream of the injector exit, the bell-shaped topology of the spray, as well as the dependency of the spray cone angle on superheat, are in agreement with experimental measurements. Especially the density-based approach has been proven highly accurate with respect to the steady expanding flow described by a level of superheat in the range of 3 to 245, while also being independent of any parameter tuning.

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    Applied Thermal Engineering
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Ktisis
    Article . 2024
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      Applied Thermal Engineering
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      Ktisis
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    Authors: Pop, Cristina Bianca; Cioara, Tudor; Chifu, Viorica; Anghel, Ionut; +1 Authors

    The rise of renewables coincides with the shift towards Electrical Vehicles (EVs) posing technical and operational challenges for the energy balance of the local grid. Nowadays, the energy grid cannot deal with a spike in EVs usage leading to a need for more coordinated and grid aware EVs charging and discharging strategies. However, coordinating power flow from multiple EVs into the grid requires sophisticated algorithms and load-balancing strategies as the complexity increases with more control variables and EVs, necessitating large optimization and decision search spaces. In this paper, we propose an EVs fleet coordination model for the day ahead aiming to ensure a reliable energy supply and maintain a stable local grid, by utilizing EVs to store surplus energy and discharge it during periods of energy deficit. The optimization problem is addressed using Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) considering criteria related to energy grid balancing, time usage preference, and the location of EV drivers. The EVs schedules, associated with the position of individuals from the population, are adjusted through exploration and exploitation operations, and their technical and operational feasibility is ensured, while the rabbit individual is updated with a non-dominated EV schedule selected per iteration using a roulette wheel algorithm. The solution is evaluated within the framework of an e-mobility service in Terni city. The results indicate that coordinated charging and discharging of EVs not only meet balancing service requirements but also align with user preferences with minimal deviations. Submitted to Elsevier journal

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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
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      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Torims,Toms; Vretenar,Maurizio; Nikitovic,Lazar;

    Abstract In the frame of ongoing initiatives for the design of a new generation of synchrotron-based accelerators for cancer therapy with ion beams, an analysis of linac designs has been started, to address a critical element with a strong impact on the performance and cost of the accelerator. The goal is to identify alternatives at lower cost and a similar or possibly smaller footprint than the standard 217 MHz injector presently used in all carbon therapy facilities in Europe. As an additional feature, a new linac design can be tailored to produce radioisotopes for treatment and diagnostics in parallel with operation as a synchrotron injector. In this paper, the attractive option of moving to 352 MHz frequency is analyzed, to a profit of reliable mechanical designs already developed for protons and of the cost savings that can be obtained using Radiofrequency (RF) power sources klystrons with a much lower cost per Watt than tubes or solid-state units. The paper is presenting a Quasi-Alvarez Drift Tube Linac (QA-DTL) version of an injector linac for carbon ions at q/A=1/3 and compare it with Inter-Digital H-Mode DTL (IH-DTL) designs. The option of a Separated-tank IH-DTL structure (S-IH-DTL) is also discussed, along with a standard IH-DTL, both at 352 MHz. Finally, a DTL design at 352 MHz for the injection of fully stripped helium ions into the synchrotron is presented.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    CERN Document Server
    Other literature type . 2023
    https://doi.org/10.18429/jacow...
    Conference object . 2023
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      CERN Document Server
      Other literature type . 2023
      https://doi.org/10.18429/jacow...
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    Authors: G. Giannarakis; I. Tsoumas; I. Tsoumas; S. Neophytides; +4 Authors

    The concept of sustainable intensification in agriculture necessitates the implementation of management practices that prioritize sustainability without compromising productivity. However, the effects of such practices are known to depend on environmental conditions, and are therefore expected to change as a result of a changing climate. We study the impact of crop diversification on productivity in the context of climate change. We leverage heterogeneous Earth Observation data and contribute a data-driven approach based on causal machine learning for understanding how crop diversification impacts may change in the future. We apply this method to the country of Cyprus throughout a 4-year period. We find that, on average, crop diversification significantly benefited the net primary productivity of crops, increasing it by 2.8%. The effect generally synergized well with higher maximum temperatures and lower soil moistures. In a warmer and more drought-prone climate, we conclude that crop diversification exhibits promising adaptation potential and is thus a sensible policy choice with regards to agricultural productivity for present and future. Comment: Accepted for oral presentation at ISPRS Geospatial Week 2023

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    Research@WUR
    Other literature type . 2023
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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
    License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
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      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2023
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    Authors: Renāte Teterovska; Inga Sile; Artūrs Paulausks; Liga Kovalcuka; +3 Authors

    Ethnobotanical reports from Latvia show that Tanacetum vulgare, Calluna vulgaris, Quercus robur, Artemisa absinthium, and Artemisia vulgaris contain phenolic compounds that have antioxidant properties, which can be beneficial in the treatment and prophylaxis of many diseases. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of these plants. Plant extracts were prepared using ethanol or acetone and then freeze-dried. Their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total tannin content (TTC) were determined and characterized by HPLC. Their antioxidant properties were determined using a DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. C. vulgaris herb and T. vulgare leaf extracts contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, but the bark of Q. robur had mostly tannins and phenolic acids. A. absinthium and A. vulgaris had the lowest amounts of polyphenols. When compared using extraction solvents, all acetone extracts had more TPC, more TFC, and better antioxidant activity. All plants contained chlorogenic acid, which contributes to antioxidant properties. The analysed plant extracts could be used in future studies to develop medicinal products with antioxidant properties.

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    ZENODO; Plants
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      ZENODO; Plants
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    Authors: Fotios Mpekris; Petri Ch. Papaphilippou; Myrofora Panagi; Chrysovalantis Voutouri; +9 Authors

    Ongoing research is actively exploring the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat solid tumors by inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and reactivating the function of cytotoxic T effector cells. Many types of solid tumors, however, are characterized by a dense and stiff stroma and are difficult to treat. Mechanotherapeutics have formed a recent class of drugs that aim to restore biomechanical abnormalities of the tumor microenvironment, related to increased stiffness and hypo-perfusion. Here, we have developed a polymeric formulation containing pirfenidone, which has been successful in restoring the tumor microenvironment in breast tumors and sarcomas. We found that the micellar formulation can induce similar mechanotherapeutic effects to mouse models of 4T1 and E0771 triple negative breast tumors and MCA205 fibrosarcoma tumors but with a dose 100-fold lower than that of the free pirfenidone. Importantly, a combination of pirfenidone-loaded micelles with immune checkpoint inhibition significantly delayed primary tumor growth, leading to a significant improvement in overall survival and in a complete cure for the E0771 tumor model. Furthermore, the combination treatment increased CD4

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    ACS Nano
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2023
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      ACS Nano
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