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  • Neuroinformatics
  • 2017-2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ahmadi, Sina; Constant, Mathieu; Fort, Karën; Guillaume, Bruno; +1 Authors

    Nous présentons dans ce papier les travaux que nous avons réalisés pour convertir dans le modèle Ontolex-Lemon l'une des plus importantes ressources lexicographiques pour le français : le Trésor de la Langue Française. En effet, malgré l'utilisation généralisée de cette ressource, son format actuel, basé sur XML, ne respecte pas les standards les plus récents de la représentation des données lexicographiques, notamment ceux basés sur les données liées. Nos travaux mettent en lumière la nécessité d'établir des mécanismes permettant d'augmenter l'inter-opérabilité des ressources et des technologies pour créer et maintenir des ressources lexicographiques. In this paper, we report our efforts to convert one of the most comprehensive lexicographic resources of French, the Trésor de la Langue Française, into the Ontolex-Lemon model. Despite the widespread usage of this resource, the original XML format seems to impede its integration in language technology tools. In order to breathe new life into this resource, we examine the usage and the conversion to more interoperable formats, primarily those based on the linguistic linked data, to provide this resource to a broader range of applications and users.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Article . 2021
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Conference object . 2021
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2021
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Article . 2021
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Conference object . 2021
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: ZENODO
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Hyper Article en Ligne
      Other literature type . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ashoori, Minoo; Dempsey, Eugene M.; McDonald, Fiona B.; O'Toole, John M.;

    Preterm infants are at high risk of developing brain injury in the first days of life as a consequence of poor cerebral oxygen delivery. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an established technology developed to monitor regional tissue oxygenation. Detailed waveform analysis of the cerebral NIRS signal could improve the clinical utility of this method in accurately predicting brain injury. Frequent transient cerebral oxygen desaturations are commonly observed in extremely preterm infants, yet their clinical significance remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the performance of two distinct approaches in isolating and extracting transient deflections within NIRS signals. We optimized three different simultaneous low-pass filtering and total variation denoising (LPF-TVD) methods and compared their performance with a recently proposed method that uses singular-spectrum analysis and the discrete cosine transform (SSA-DCT). Parameters for the LPF-TVD methods were optimized over a grid search using synthetic NIRS-like signals. The SSA-DCT method was modified with a post-processing procedure to increase sparsity in the extracted components. Our analysis, using a synthetic NIRS-like dataset, showed that a LPF-TVD method outperformed the modified SSA-DCT method: median mean-squared error of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.86 to 1.07) was lower for the LPF-TVD method compared to the modified SSA-DCT method of 1.48 (95% CI: 1.33 to 1.63), P0.001. The dual low-pass filter and total variation denoising methods are considerably more computational efficient, by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude, than the SSA-DCT method. More research is needed to examine the efficacy of these methods in extracting oxygen desaturation in real NIRS signals.Clinical relevance- Early and precise identification of abnormal brain oxygenation in premature infants would enable clinicians to employ therapeutic strategies that seek to prevent brain injury and long-term morbidity in this vulnerable population.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ http://arxiv.org/pdf...arrow_drop_down
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    http://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.0921...
    Conference object
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46...
    Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
    Data sources: Crossref
    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2021
    License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ http://arxiv.org/pdf...arrow_drop_down
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      http://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.0921...
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46...
      Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
      Data sources: Crossref
      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
      Article . 2021
      License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Qureshi, Syed Arbaaz; Dias, Gaël; Saha, Sriparna; Hasanuzzaman, Mohammed;

    Depression is a severe psychological disorder that is experienced by a significant number of individuals across the globe. It greatly changes the way one thinks, triggering a constant decline in mood. Studies have shown that gender can act as a good indicator of depression. In this paper, we analyse the effects of gender information in the estimation of depression. We have carried out different experiments on the benchmark data set named Distress Analysis Interview Corpus - a Wizard of Oz (DAIC-WOZ). Concretely, we discovered that a) gender information substantially improves the performance of depression severity estimation, and b) adversarially learning to predict the depression score distributed by gender improves the performance of depression severity estimation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Oskar Bordeauxarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Oskar Bordeaux
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn5...
    Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
    Data sources: Crossref
    Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-Diderot
    Other literature type . Conference object . 2021
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Oskar Bordeauxarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Oskar Bordeaux
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      Data sources: Oskar Bordeaux
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn5...
      Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
      Data sources: Crossref
      Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-Diderot
      Other literature type . Conference object . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: KIM, Kyungduk; BITTNER, Stefan; ZENG, Yongquan; GUAZZOTTI, Stefano; +3 Authors

    Fast and reliable random number generation (RNG) is a key requirement for, e.g., secure telecommunication or quantum simulations. This has driven the development of physical random number generators to replace deterministic, pseudo-random number generators. Semiconductor lasers exhibiting chaotic dynamics induced for example by optical feedback [1] can provide up to 1 Tbit/s, but their speed is ultimately limited by the time scales of the laser dynamics. Parallel RNG via spatial or spectral multiplexing can further increase the speed but previous demonstrations were limited by low intrinsic speed or a small number of channels.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    https://hal.archives-ouvertes....
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Oskar Bordeaux
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/e...
    Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      https://hal.archives-ouvertes....
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Oskar Bordeaux
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/e...
      Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    Recurrent spiking neural networks (RSNN) in the brain learn to perform a wide range of perceptual, cognitive and motor tasks very efficiently in terms of energy consumption and their training requires very few examples. This motivates the search for biologically inspired learning rules for RSNNs, aiming to improve our understanding of brain computation and the efficiency of artificial intelligence. Several spiking models and learning rules have been proposed, but it remains a challenge to design RSNNs whose learning relies on biologically plausible mechanisms and are capable of solving complex temporal tasks. In this paper, we derive a learning rule, local to the synapse, from a simple mathematical principle, the maximization of the likelihood for the network to solve a specific task. We propose a novel target-based learning scheme in which the learning rule derived from likelihood maximization is used to mimic a specific spatio-temporal spike pattern that encodes the solution to complex temporal tasks. This method makes the learning extremely rapid and precise, outperforming state of the art algorithms for RSNNs. While error-based approaches, (e.g. e-prop) trial after trial optimize the internal sequence of spikes in order to progressively minimize the MSE we assume that a signal randomly projected from an external origin (e.g. from other brain areas) directly defines the target sequence. This facilitates the learning procedure since the network is trained from the beginning to reproduce the desired internal sequence. We propose two versions of our learning rule: spike-dependent and voltage-dependent. We find that the latter provides remarkable benefits in terms of learning speed and robustness to noise. We demonstrate the capacity of our model to tackle several problems like learning multidimensional trajectories and solving the classical temporal XOR benchmark. Finally, we show that an online approximation of the gradient ascent, in addition to guaranteeing complete locality in time and space, allows learning after very few presentations of the target output. Our model can be applied to different types of biological neurons. The analytically derived plasticity learning rule is specific to each neuron model and can produce a theoretical prediction for experimental validation. Acknowledge funding from European Commission (EU) HBP SGA3 945539

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODO; PLoS ONEarrow_drop_down
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    ZENODO; PLoS ONE
    Other literature type . Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    DOAJ; PLoS ONE
    Article . 2021
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    PLoS ONE
    Article
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  • Authors: Usama Saleem; Ali Kumail; Muhammad Adil Raja; Junaid Akhtar; +1 Authors

    Experience is luscious! Experienced people who act spontaneously in any feat are considered attractive, draw attention, receive praise, and have many admirers. Whether an experienced person is a speaker, a teacher, a driver or a sportsman, dexterity has its own swag. It is well known that human faculties are controlled and monitored by the brain. Every activity ranging from digestion of food to variation in emotions is correlated in the brain. This is to say that a certain part of the human brain is responsible for each one of the myriad of functions. The question then arises as to where experience is correlated in the brain. In this paper we present our reflections about an experiment done to figure out whether it is possible to gauge the level of spontaneity in the brain. We employed a bunch of subjects in our study. The groups were divided into two categories, experienced and inexperienced. Each of the players was asked to play a computer game for a certain amount of time. And as the game was played, brain activity in the brain was recorded using an EEG device. Our results are interesting.

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    Authors: Beagon, Una; Kövesi, Klara; Tabas, Brad; Nørgaard, Bente; +4 Authors

    International audience; As the world’s focus turns to the future and not the present, the engineering profession must respond to the ever increasing need to bring about a sustainable future. The objective of this paper is to support the reform of engineering education by acknowledging and building upon the current awareness and understanding of sustainable development held by key stakeholders in the process. This paper presents the outcomes of a study involving twelve focus groups with Academics, Employers and Students in four European countries (Denmark, Finland, France and Ireland) as part of the A-STEP 2030 European Project. Based on the findings, it is clear that the key stakeholders closely associate the theme of the environment with Sustainable Development. There is also mention of the pillar of economy, but less so, that of society. The findings also reveal differences in the awareness of specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with SDG 13 (Climate Action) being most widely noted. The findings allow educators to engage in discussion with students to build a more complete understanding of aspects of sustainable development and to act in redesigning curricula to ensure engineers can contribute to a sustainable future.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Flavin, Niamh; Fitzgerald, Aodhán; Masalles, Arturo,; Waage, David; +3 Authors

    International audience; Eurofl eets is a key research infrastructure, essential for collecting in situ marine data sets from global oceans, regional seas and coastal waters. Research vessels carry and operate shipborne observation equipment and facilitate deployment and handling of a large range of observing and sampling instruments. The infrastructure is also evolving, with fixed ocean seafl oor observation and mobile surface and subsea autonomous technologies presenting challenges to the existing fl eet to deploy and maintain. Meeting the complex end user needs of European scientists across disciplines and geographic locations is an expensive and complex exercise requiring coordination at national and international levels, and the use of common standards and approaches. To meet the expected challenges, Eurofl eets+ (An alliance of European marine research infrastructure to meet the evolving needs of the research and industrial communities) project is undertaking Joint Research Activities (JRA) with key industry partners. Specifi cally, the objective of JRA 3.2 led by CSIC, with the Marine Institute and industry partners Hampidjan, MacArtney AS and SEAONICS is the study and conceptual development of equipment for deep sea operations from research vessels co-designed by research and industry partners.Improving interoperability of Large Exchangeable Instrumentation (LEXI) is a primary aim of Eurofl eets+, especially in terms of improvement and standardisation of tools/rigging for more effi cient operations.The collaborative approach aims to develop a new deep-sea winch design, a multipurpose crane/handling system for deep water operations and a dual mode handling system designed for the deployment and recovery of research tools through moon-pools or/and over the side.

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    Authors: Juan Piñeiro-Chousa; M. Ángeles López-Cabarcos; Jérôme Caby; Aleksandar Šević;

    Abstract Stock market price prediction has improved due to social network activity since social networks can provide useful information, for example, on message sentiment. Few studies have analysed the influence of social networks on the bond market, and even fewer have specifically analysed the influence on the green bond market. By financing environmental projects that promote sustainability, green bonds are becoming increasingly important because of their relationship with major issues, such as climate change and water management. In addition, increases in people's environmental awareness have led companies to enact corporate social responsibility policies and environmentally sustainable projects. This context supports the relevance of this research because although there have been previous studies on green bonds, there is a scarcity of manuscripts that relate green bonds with social media and, more specifically, with investors’ sentiments. Therefore, using panel data analysis, the aim of this study is to analyze how the investor sentiment extracted from social networks influences the green bond market. The results of this manuscript should lead investors and markets to consider social networks as relevant sources of information not only for the equity market but also for the bond market, specifically the green bond market.

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    Technological Forecasting and Social Change
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Kövesi, Klara; Tabas, Brad; Gillet, Christiane; Beagon, Una; +1 Authors

    International audience; In this paper, we offer insight into how the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are being integrated into engineering programs. We investigate the question : “what opportunities and barriers should we take into consideration in order to better integrate the SDGs into engineering programs ?” We undertook two exploratory focus group studies with engineering students and academic participants that explored their perception of SDGs’ integration into their programs. Our results show significant differences between the perceptions of students and academics, and this indicates the need for a more comprehensive and balanced integration of the SDGs into engineering curricula. We particularly recommend a transdisciplinary teaching approach involving a close relation between technical and human disciplines.

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    Authors: Ahmadi, Sina; Constant, Mathieu; Fort, Karën; Guillaume, Bruno; +1 Authors

    Nous présentons dans ce papier les travaux que nous avons réalisés pour convertir dans le modèle Ontolex-Lemon l'une des plus importantes ressources lexicographiques pour le français : le Trésor de la Langue Française. En effet, malgré l'utilisation généralisée de cette ressource, son format actuel, basé sur XML, ne respecte pas les standards les plus récents de la représentation des données lexicographiques, notamment ceux basés sur les données liées. Nos travaux mettent en lumière la nécessité d'établir des mécanismes permettant d'augmenter l'inter-opérabilité des ressources et des technologies pour créer et maintenir des ressources lexicographiques. In this paper, we report our efforts to convert one of the most comprehensive lexicographic resources of French, the Trésor de la Langue Française, into the Ontolex-Lemon model. Despite the widespread usage of this resource, the original XML format seems to impede its integration in language technology tools. In order to breathe new life into this resource, we examine the usage and the conversion to more interoperable formats, primarily those based on the linguistic linked data, to provide this resource to a broader range of applications and users.

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    Authors: Ashoori, Minoo; Dempsey, Eugene M.; McDonald, Fiona B.; O'Toole, John M.;

    Preterm infants are at high risk of developing brain injury in the first days of life as a consequence of poor cerebral oxygen delivery. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an established technology developed to monitor regional tissue oxygenation. Detailed waveform analysis of the cerebral NIRS signal could improve the clinical utility of this method in accurately predicting brain injury. Frequent transient cerebral oxygen desaturations are commonly observed in extremely preterm infants, yet their clinical significance remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the performance of two distinct approaches in isolating and extracting transient deflections within NIRS signals. We optimized three different simultaneous low-pass filtering and total variation denoising (LPF-TVD) methods and compared their performance with a recently proposed method that uses singular-spectrum analysis and the discrete cosine transform (SSA-DCT). Parameters for the LPF-TVD methods were optimized over a grid search using synthetic NIRS-like signals. The SSA-DCT method was modified with a post-processing procedure to increase sparsity in the extracted components. Our analysis, using a synthetic NIRS-like dataset, showed that a LPF-TVD method outperformed the modified SSA-DCT method: median mean-squared error of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.86 to 1.07) was lower for the LPF-TVD method compared to the modified SSA-DCT method of 1.48 (95% CI: 1.33 to 1.63), P0.001. The dual low-pass filter and total variation denoising methods are considerably more computational efficient, by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude, than the SSA-DCT method. More research is needed to examine the efficacy of these methods in extracting oxygen desaturation in real NIRS signals.Clinical relevance- Early and precise identification of abnormal brain oxygenation in premature infants would enable clinicians to employ therapeutic strategies that seek to prevent brain injury and long-term morbidity in this vulnerable population.

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    http://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.0921...
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    https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46...
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      https://doi.org/10.1109/embc46...
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    Authors: Qureshi, Syed Arbaaz; Dias, Gaël; Saha, Sriparna; Hasanuzzaman, Mohammed;

    Depression is a severe psychological disorder that is experienced by a significant number of individuals across the globe. It greatly changes the way one thinks, triggering a constant decline in mood. Studies have shown that gender can act as a good indicator of depression. In this paper, we analyse the effects of gender information in the estimation of depression. We have carried out different experiments on the benchmark data set named Distress Analysis Interview Corpus - a Wizard of Oz (DAIC-WOZ). Concretely, we discovered that a) gender information substantially improves the performance of depression severity estimation, and b) adversarially learning to predict the depression score distributed by gender improves the performance of depression severity estimation.

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    https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn5...
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    Authors: KIM, Kyungduk; BITTNER, Stefan; ZENG, Yongquan; GUAZZOTTI, Stefano; +3 Authors

    Fast and reliable random number generation (RNG) is a key requirement for, e.g., secure telecommunication or quantum simulations. This has driven the development of physical random number generators to replace deterministic, pseudo-random number generators. Semiconductor lasers exhibiting chaotic dynamics induced for example by optical feedback [1] can provide up to 1 Tbit/s, but their speed is ultimately limited by the time scales of the laser dynamics. Parallel RNG via spatial or spectral multiplexing can further increase the speed but previous demonstrations were limited by low intrinsic speed or a small number of channels.

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    https://doi.org/10.1109/cleo/e...
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    Recurrent spiking neural networks (RSNN) in the brain learn to perform a wide range of perceptual, cognitive and motor tasks very efficiently in terms of energy consumption and their training requires very few examples. This motivates the search for biologically inspired learning rules for RSNNs, aiming to improve our understanding of brain computation and the efficiency of artificial intelligence. Several spiking models and learning rules have been proposed, but it remains a challenge to design RSNNs whose learning relies on biologically plausible mechanisms and are capable of solving complex temporal tasks. In this paper, we derive a learning rule, local to the synapse, from a simple mathematical principle, the maximization of the likelihood for the network to solve a specific task. We propose a novel target-based learning scheme in which the learning rule derived from likelihood maximization is used to mimic a specific spatio-temporal spike pattern that encodes the solution to complex temporal tasks. This method makes the learning extremely rapid and precise, outperforming state of the art algorithms for RSNNs. While error-based approaches, (e.g. e-prop) trial after trial optimize the internal sequence of spikes in order to progressively minimize the MSE we assume that a signal randomly projected from an external origin (e.g. from other brain areas) directly defines the target sequence. This facilitates the learning procedure since the network is trained from the beginning to reproduce the desired internal sequence. We propose two versions of our learning rule: spike-dependent and voltage-dependent. We find that the latter provides remarkable benefits in terms of learning speed and robustness to noise. We demonstrate the capacity of our model to tackle several problems like learning multidimensional trajectories and solving the classical temporal XOR benchmark. Finally, we show that an online approximation of the gradient ascent, in addition to guaranteeing complete locality in time and space, allows learning after very few presentations of the target output. Our model can be applied to different types of biological neurons. The analytically derived plasticity learning rule is specific to each neuron model and can produce a theoretical prediction for experimental validation. Acknowledge funding from European Commission (EU) HBP SGA3 945539

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    Article . 2021
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  • Authors: Usama Saleem; Ali Kumail; Muhammad Adil Raja; Junaid Akhtar; +1 Authors

    Experience is luscious! Experienced people who act spontaneously in any feat are considered attractive, draw attention, receive praise, and have many admirers. Whether an experienced person is a speaker, a teacher, a driver or a sportsman, dexterity has its own swag. It is well known that human faculties are controlled and monitored by the brain. Every activity ranging from digestion of food to variation in emotions is correlated in the brain. This is to say that a certain part of the human brain is responsible for each one of the myriad of functions. The question then arises as to where experience is correlated in the brain. In this paper we present our reflections about an experiment done to figure out whether it is possible to gauge the level of spontaneity in the brain. We employed a bunch of subjects in our study. The groups were divided into two categories, experienced and inexperienced. Each of the players was asked to play a computer game for a certain amount of time. And as the game was played, brain activity in the brain was recorded using an EEG device. Our results are interesting.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Beagon, Una; Kövesi, Klara; Tabas, Brad; Nørgaard, Bente; +4 Authors

    International audience; As the world’s focus turns to the future and not the present, the engineering profession must respond to the ever increasing need to bring about a sustainable future. The objective of this paper is to support the reform of engineering education by acknowledging and building upon the current awareness and understanding of sustainable development held by key stakeholders in the process. This paper presents the outcomes of a study involving twelve focus groups with Academics, Employers and Students in four European countries (Denmark, Finland, France and Ireland) as part of the A-STEP 2030 European Project. Based on the findings, it is clear that the key stakeholders closely associate the theme of the environment with Sustainable Development. There is also mention of the pillar of economy, but less so, that of society. The findings also reveal differences in the awareness of specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with SDG 13 (Climate Action) being most widely noted. The findings allow educators to engage in discussion with students to build a more complete understanding of aspects of sustainable development and to act in redesigning curricula to ensure engineers can contribute to a sustainable future.

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    Conference object . 2021
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    VBN; Aalborg University Research Portal
    Contribution for newspaper or weekly magazine . 2021
    https://doi.org/10.21427/szzz-...
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Contribution for newspaper or weekly magazine . 2021
      https://doi.org/10.21427/szzz-...
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Flavin, Niamh; Fitzgerald, Aodhán; Masalles, Arturo,; Waage, David; +3 Authors

    International audience; Eurofl eets is a key research infrastructure, essential for collecting in situ marine data sets from global oceans, regional seas and coastal waters. Research vessels carry and operate shipborne observation equipment and facilitate deployment and handling of a large range of observing and sampling instruments. The infrastructure is also evolving, with fixed ocean seafl oor observation and mobile surface and subsea autonomous technologies presenting challenges to the existing fl eet to deploy and maintain. Meeting the complex end user needs of European scientists across disciplines and geographic locations is an expensive and complex exercise requiring coordination at national and international levels, and the use of common standards and approaches. To meet the expected challenges, Eurofl eets+ (An alliance of European marine research infrastructure to meet the evolving needs of the research and industrial communities) project is undertaking Joint Research Activities (JRA) with key industry partners. Specifi cally, the objective of JRA 3.2 led by CSIC, with the Marine Institute and industry partners Hampidjan, MacArtney AS and SEAONICS is the study and conceptual development of equipment for deep sea operations from research vessels co-designed by research and industry partners.Improving interoperability of Large Exchangeable Instrumentation (LEXI) is a primary aim of Eurofl eets+, especially in terms of improvement and standardisation of tools/rigging for more effi cient operations.The collaborative approach aims to develop a new deep-sea winch design, a multipurpose crane/handling system for deep water operations and a dual mode handling system designed for the deployment and recovery of research tools through moon-pools or/and over the side.

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    Authors: Juan Piñeiro-Chousa; M. Ángeles López-Cabarcos; Jérôme Caby; Aleksandar Šević;

    Abstract Stock market price prediction has improved due to social network activity since social networks can provide useful information, for example, on message sentiment. Few studies have analysed the influence of social networks on the bond market, and even fewer have specifically analysed the influence on the green bond market. By financing environmental projects that promote sustainability, green bonds are becoming increasingly important because of their relationship with major issues, such as climate change and water management. In addition, increases in people's environmental awareness have led companies to enact corporate social responsibility policies and environmentally sustainable projects. This context supports the relevance of this research because although there have been previous studies on green bonds, there is a scarcity of manuscripts that relate green bonds with social media and, more specifically, with investors’ sentiments. Therefore, using panel data analysis, the aim of this study is to analyze how the investor sentiment extracted from social networks influences the green bond market. The results of this manuscript should lead investors and markets to consider social networks as relevant sources of information not only for the equity market but also for the bond market, specifically the green bond market.

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    Technological Forecasting and Social Change
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Authors: Kövesi, Klara; Tabas, Brad; Gillet, Christiane; Beagon, Una; +1 Authors

    International audience; In this paper, we offer insight into how the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are being integrated into engineering programs. We investigate the question : “what opportunities and barriers should we take into consideration in order to better integrate the SDGs into engineering programs ?” We undertook two exploratory focus group studies with engineering students and academic participants that explored their perception of SDGs’ integration into their programs. Our results show significant differences between the perceptions of students and academics, and this indicates the need for a more comprehensive and balanced integration of the SDGs into engineering curricula. We particularly recommend a transdisciplinary teaching approach involving a close relation between technical and human disciplines.

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    Conference object . 2021
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    Other literature type . 2022
    https://doi.org/10.21427/q2f9-...
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