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Artificial Intelligence has profoundly changed the way research is conducted, and research. Whether they be at the local, regional, national, or even international level, research infrastructures cannot ignore its impact on research practices and methodologies. The primary role of research infrastructures is to support and enable researchers, which usually regulates us to a second plan. However, it is necessary for research infrastructures to be leaders, especially on important fundamental issues that affect the field as a whole, such as artificial intelligence. Indeed, the ethical challenges posed by SSH research, and artificial intelligence in particular, should help guide the various actions of research infrastructure in our support to researchers. This talk will show how the IR* HumaNum, the French national infrastructure for digital humanities, and DARIAH-EU, a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) approach the question of artificial intelligence and how one must engage with this new field - as any research method of that matter - with ethics in mind. 

If citation is a common practice for publications, it is relatively new for data especially in SSH. This paper will present the work carried out during the SSHOC project about data citation in general and more precisely how to make them actionable. International audience

This report discusses the scholarly communication issues in Social Sciences and Humanities that are relevant to the future development and functioning of OPERAS. The outcomes collected here can be divided into two groups of innovations regarding 1) the operation of OPERAS, and 2) its activities. The “operational” issues include the ways in which an innovative research infrastructure should be governed (Chapter 1) as well as the business models for open access publications in Social Sciences and Humanities (Chapter 2). The other group of issues is dedicated to strategic areas where OPERAS and its services may play an instrumental role in providing, enabling, or unlocking innovation: FAIR data (Chapter 3), bibliodiversity and multilingualism in scholarly communication (Chapter 4), the future of scholarly writing (Chapter 5), and quality assessment (Chapter 6). Each chapter provides an overview of the main findings and challenges with emphasis on recommendations for OPERAS and other stakeholders like e- infrastructures, publishers, SSH researchers, research performing organisations, policy makers, and funders. Links to data and further publications stemming from work concerning particular tasks are located at the end of each chapter.

Published in OA on RESSI (http://www.ressi.ch/) on the 15.02.22. We present here highlights from an enquiry on the innovations in scholarly writing in the Humanities and Social Sciences in the H2020 project OPERAS-P. This article explores the theme of Open Research Data and its role in the emergence of new models of scholarly writing. We examine more closely the obstacles and fostering conditions to the publication of research data, both from a social and a technical perspective. International audience

The digital humanities (DH) enrich the traditional fields of the humanities with new practices, approaches and methods. Since the turn of the millennium, the necessary skills to realise these new possibilities have been taught in summer schools, workshops and other alternative formats. In the meantime, a growing number of Bachelor's and Master's programmes in digital humanities have been launched worldwide. The DH Course Registry, which is the focus of this article, was created to provide an overview of the growing range of courses on offer worldwide. Its mission is to gather the rich offerings of different courses and to provide an up-to-date picture of the teaching and training opportunities in the field of DH. The article provides a general introduction to this emerging area of research and introduces the two European infrastructures CLARIN and DARIAH, which jointly operate the DH Course Registry. A short history of the Registry is accompanied by a description of the data model and the data curation workflow. Current data, available through the API of the Registry, is evaluated to quantitatively map the international landscape of DH teaching.Preprint of a publication for LibraryTribune (China) (accepted)

There is a growing need to establish domain-or discipline-specific approaches to research data sharing workflows. A defining feature of data and data workflows in the arts and humanities domain is their dependence on cultural heritage sources hosted and curated in museums, libraries, galleries and archives. A major difficulty when scholars interact with heritage data is that the nature of the cooperation between researchers and Cultural Heritage Institutions (henceforth CHIs) is often constrained by structural and legal challenges but even more by uncertainties as to the expectations of both parties. The Heritage Data Reuse Charter aims to address these by designing a common environment that will enable all the relevant actors to work together to connect and improve access to heritage data and make transactions related to the scholarly use of cultural heritage data more visible and transparent. As a first step, a wide range of stakeholders on the Cultural Heritage and research sector agreed upon a set of generic principles, summarized in the Mission Statement of the Charter, that can serve as a baseline governing the interactions between CHIs, researchers and data centres. This was followed by a long and thorough validation process related to these principles through surveys 1 and workshops 2. As a second step, we now put forward a questionnaire template tool that helps researchers and CHIs to translate the 6 core principles into specific research project settings. It contains questions about access to data, provenance information, preferred citation standards, hosting responsibilities etc. on the basis of which the parties can arrive at mutual reuse agreements that could serve as a starting point for a FAIR-by-construction data management, right from the project planning/application phase. The questionnaire template and the resulting mutual agreements can be flexibly applied to projects of different scale and in platform-independent ways. Institutions can embed them into their own exchange protocols while researchers can add them to their Data Management Plans. As such, they can show evidence for responsible and fair conduct of cultural heritage data, and fair (but also FAIR) research data management practices that are based on partnership with the holding institution.

• To the extent that is has been theorised, work on DH pedagogy has tended to be very strongly tied to the classroom experience. A classroom experience, however, exists within a particular social and institutional framework (students seeking knowledge, experience or qualification from instructors who master a specific body of knowledge) which is quite different from the operational and distributed nature of Research Infrastructures such as DARIAH.• Research infrastructures seldom possess the kinds of specialised procedures, staff, resources and expertise to deliver formal educational programmes, but the strength of RI’s lies in the provision of and reflection upon the experience of acculturation and professionalization in “real” cross-institutional and often cross-cultural projects in which peer learning, skills transfers and network building are a rule rather than an exception.• Research Infrastructures such as DARIAH have a specific role to play in the European educational landscape by complementing rather than replacing the pedagogical models prevalent in HEIs today.• RI’s such as DARIAH should focus not only on DH or even on a discipline in which a student or researcher seeks to use DH methodologies, but also on highlighting how these practices engage interdependent communities of practice with intersecting concerns.• DARIAH should intensify effort to position itself as pedagogically relevant beyond the individual humanities disciplines in terms of what it can contribute to the development and dissemination of early-career researchers’ transferable skills and competences as identified by the Eurodoc 2018 Report.• DARIAH should establish an active educational partnership network in order to validate a new approach to the skills needs of humanities students and researchers, looking beyond the frame of what is currently available in the context of formal educational programmes.• DARIAH should develop a curricular model and, if possible, an internship program, to enable fluid exchange of knowledge and students between university programmes and the applied contexts of the research infrastructure.• DARIAH should continue to create and maintain essential filtering and contextualising layers for training materials, which are now available throughDARIAH-Campus, in order to coordinate and enhance open educational resources with other stakeholders in the field.• DARIAH should aim to apply and test its learning resources in different HE contexts in order to profit from unforeseen synergies and unexpected outcomes such as, for instance, the initiative to publish young researchers’ data papers using the DARIAH-Campus Event Capture Template, which emerged out of the DESIR Workshop at the University of Neuchâtel.• Building on currently identified needs, DARIAH should develop foresight models to predict future needs within the Higher Education sector.

The DESIR Winter School "Shaping new approaches to data management in arts and humanities" took place in Lisbon on 10-13 December 2019. The event was hosted by NOVA FCSH University facilities and was organised in the framework of the Horizon 2020 funded project DESIR (DARIAH ERIC Sustainability Refined). It aimed at gathering PhD students, arts and humanities scholars from all career stages and research managers interested in the issues raised by sustainable practices to open up data in the arts and humanities. The event was a joint organisation between DARIAH and NOVA FCSH. As such, it brought together the collaboration of national and European experts in the data management field.Sharing knowledge, research outputs and other scholarly resources in ways that are tuned for long-term availability and maximal use and reuse are recognized as essential practices but also key challenges for arts and humanities research. In the last couple of years, this need has also been recognized in a strong political drive in the European Union giving rise to support structures but also policy imperatives for research data management. As a result, Research data management emerged to be a new field of expertise to explore and establish in all range of disciplines.The fact that the concept of data in the arts and humanities domain is far from being a straightforward one adds further complexities to the implementation of such policies in the arts and humanities domain. To meaningfully address the real data needs of the diverse communities of arts and humanities scholars in terms of skills, infrastructure and best practices, we need to keep a reflexive and open exchange about the function of data inspecific research questions and fields of enquiry.The DESIR Winter School provided a unique opportunity for arts and humanities scholars as well as for librarians and research managers to learn about how to maximize the potential of their scholarly resources and to take practical steps in opening up their research in ethically and legally responsible ways. To this end, the DESIR Winter School covered a wide selection of topics ranging from the optimal implementation of FAIR data in the arts and humanities, issues around ethics, Intellectual Property Rights and licensing, data and software citation practices, open research notebooks and innovative publishing practices in the arts and humanities.The main goals of the Winter School were to:• Introduce scientific and academic communities in the arts and humanities to the principles and practices of responsible research and Open Science;• Strengthen the skills of the arts and humanities communities in research data management, curation, sharing, preservation and reuse;• Enable R&D and Higher Education institutions to develop research data strategies and policies;• Foster national and international collaboration amongst the diverse research communities in the arts and humanities;• Introduce participants to innovative publishing practices in the arts and humanities, such as data journals, overlay journals etc.

The aim of this report was to provide an overview of the three workshops that were organised at Stanford University, at the Library of Congress and at the National Library of Australia as part of the DARIAH Beyond Europe International Workshop Series within the DESIR project. The purpose of these workshops was to promote DARIAH tools and services to the wider community beyond Europe, to initiate collaborations, and above all toexchange knowledge and experience in digital scholarship on an international level. With these three workshops, DARIAH has reached over 275 participants who were present during the events, as well as scores of viewers who have watched the DARIAH Beyond Europe videos and the hundreds of interactions that have taken place via the #DARIAHBeyondEurope Twitter Hashtag. Through the DARIAH Beyond Europe workshopseries, DARIAH has broaden its global outreach significantly. This report includes a number of ideas for potential collaboration opportunities that arosefrom the discussions during the workshop series, which will further be elaborated on in the DESIR Final Report. Originally envisaged as a one off series of three workshops, it seems that the DARIAH Beyond Europe initiative has not only increased DARAH’s visibility internationally, but has led to a DARIAH to reflect on its long-term approach to its international activities much more deeply.