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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Hassan Hachem; Hai Canh Vu; Mitra Fouladirad;

    International audience; Predicting the Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL) of a system has become one of the primary goals of engineering and reliability researchers. RUL prediction is based on the measurement data collected from sensors (e.g. vibration data, temperature data). The collected data is may be inaccurate owing to sensor problems. These problems are often ignored or modeled by a Gaussian noise in most previous work. However, due to various operation circumstances and the aging impact, the sensor itself will ultimately deteriorate and its performance will deteriorate. The Gaussian noise with a constant mean is then not appropriate to fully capture the sensor degradation. In this context, this study focuses on predicting the RUL considering the sensor degradation. For this purpose, a joint model of sensor degradation and system degradation is firstly developed. In this model, the sensor degradation is modeled by Wiener and Gamma processes instead of Gaussian noise. Then, different estimation methods based on the particle filter, a popular model-based technique, were proposed to predict the RUL based on the joint degradation model. To study the performances of our methods, numerical analyzes were carried out. The obtained results confirm the performance and advantages of the proposed methods.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Reliability Engineer...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Reliability Engineering & System Safety
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: E. Mosayebi Omshi; S. Shemehsavar; A. Grall;

    International audience; This paper looks at the challenge of making maintenance decisions for deteriorating systems when the degradation process leading to failure cannot be directly observed or measured. In this scenario, the system's health is monitored by observing the progression of a degradation-related marker index, which can be obtained through inspections. To model this configuration, a bivariate gamma process is employed. One component represents the marker process, while the other represents the degradation process, which dictates the time of failure. Two condition-based maintenance (CBM) policies are proposed and analyzed. The first policy is based on a conventional decision structure, utilizing a fixed preventive threshold directly applied to the measured process. The second policy relies on monitoring data related to the marker process to estimate the level of latent degradation at inspections. We demonstrate that the second policy is equivalent to a policy employing an adaptive preventive threshold that sequentially evolves. We provide insights into some key properties associated with this approach. The expected cost rate is calculated and employed for policy optimization. Additionally, a numerical study is presented that showcases the practical implementation of the method and highlights the effectiveness of the second approach, even when the correlation between degradation and the marker process is low.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Reliability Engineer...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Reliability Engineering & System Safety
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Reliability Engineer...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Reliability Engineering & System Safety
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Pepin, Guillaume;

    Les travaux présentés dans ce document ont été menés dans le cadre du projet AILES à l'Université de technologie de Troyes entre septembre 2020 et août 2023. En s’informant auprès d’acteurs de l’orientation de la région Champagne-Ardenne et en combinant différentes méthodologies de recherche, les travaux ont cherché à comprendre l’écosystème de l’orientation, les pratiques des différents acteurs ainsi que leurs besoins afin de formuler des recommandations pertinentes pour améliorer l’accompagnement à la construction du parcours d’orientation des jeunes. Notre travail s’est situé dans la lignée des sciences participatives de l’orientation qui, en complément des sciences de l’éducation, vise à mieux accompagner les jeunes dans la construction de leur parcours.Ce travail a montré que l’étude de l’orientation sans une prise en compte des contraintes inhérentesaux établissements est impossible. Pour que les élèves puissent construire plus facilement leur parcours et leurs projets futurs, il apparait nécessaire de revoir la place de l’orientation dans les établissements, en garantissant les heures d’orientation dans les dotations des établissements et en appliquant l’ancrage disciplinaire de l’orientation, qui n’existe pour le moment que dans les textes. En l’état, les 54 heures d’orientation ne sont pas investies, l’orientation souffre d’un manque de place dans les établissements et les acteurs ne peuvent assurer un accompagnement efficace de tous les élèves.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Misaii, Hasan; Fouladirad, Mitra; Haghighi, Firoozeh;

    International audience

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Computati...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Computati...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Benie, Kandy;

    Ces dernières années, les fibres de chanvre ou du lin affichent un potentiel de renforcement qui n’est pas entièrement exploité, car les renforts se présentent souvent en fibres courtes et les agro-composites sont très sensibles à la qualité et au type de renforts. Associé à une matrice polymère, ces renforts permettent d’élaborer des agro-composites avec de hautes performances mécaniques, thermiques, phonique etc. ainsi qu’une bonne aptitude à la mise en forme. Dans ce contexte nous souhaitons maitriser l’élaboration et la caractérisation des agro-composites hautes performances à base de fibres naturelles par différentes techniques de mise en forme (compression, injection ou fabrication 3D). In recent years, hemp or flax fibers have shown a reinforcement potential that is not fully exploited, because reinforcements often come in short fibers and agro-composites are very sensitive to the quality and type of reinforcements. Associated with a polymer matrix, these reinforcements make it possible to develop agro-composites with high mechanical, thermal, phonic performance, etc. as well as good fitness. In this context, we want to master the development and characterization of high-performance agro-composites based on natural fibers by different shaping techniques (compression, injection or 3D manufacturing).

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  • Authors: Ortiz Haro, David; Laclémence, Patrick; Morel Senatore, Audrey; Delatour, Guillaume;

    International audience; The aftermath of Storm Alex in Southeastern France highlighted new avenues for human interaction during disasters. Unfortunately, authorities and rescue personnel often perceive populations as passive actors, overlooking their potential as valuable human resources. This perspective fails to recognise their active role. It’s crucial to study how local communities behaved and established solidarity alongside official institutions’ activities. Upon analyzing accounts from local residents, authorities and rescue personnel, we have identified unique social and organisational aspects. Robust social networks and bonds among stakeholders illustrate the presence of a Westernised adaptation of ancestral collective practices. Comparable ancestral collective behaviours exist worldwide, such as The Minga in Andean countries, Moyai-Naoshi in Japan, or Twiza in certain Arab nations. These cultural practices serve as collective mechanisms for addressing both collective and individual challenges in the wake of disasters. They represent ancestral collective units and practices with diverse functionalities that transcend boundaries. In the case of Storm Alex, these communal survival units and practices were automatically activated during and following a 48 hour complete blackout. We observe its emergence in the qualitative analysis of ninety eight interviews. For operational purposes in the French context, we refer to it as “MINGAS” which stands for “Mouvement d’intervention immédiate, générosité et actions solidaires” or “Immediate intervention movement for generosity and solidarity actions”. Notably, we have observed that this movement remains active in the long term after the disaster. The key to the success of this unit lies in the culture of sharing embraced by the valleys’ inhabitants. Continuous mutual aid and acts of solidarity have empowered local residents and serve as an example of social resilience. After the event people have shown a heightened sense of responsibility. However a work with state institutions is necessary for a better coordination but it remains unfinished.; Les conséquences de la tempête Alex dans le sud-est de la France ont mis en lumière de nouvelles possibilités d'interaction humaine en cas de catastrophe. Malheureusement, les autorités et le personnel de secours perçoivent souvent les populations comme des acteurs passifs, négligeant leur potentiel en tant que ressources humaines précieuses. Cette perspective ne reconnaît pas leur rôle actif. Il est essentiel d'étudier comment les communautés locales se sont comportées et ont établi une solidarité parallèlement aux activités des institutions officielles. En analysant les récits des habitants, des autorités et du personnel de secours, nous avons identifié des aspects sociaux et organisationnels uniques. Des réseaux sociaux solides et des liens entre les parties prenantes illustrent la présence d'une adaptation occidentalisée de pratiques collectives ancestrales. Des comportements collectifs ancestraux comparables existent dans le monde entier, comme la Minga dans les pays andins, le Moyai-Naoshi au Japon ou la Twiza dans certains pays arabes. es pratiques culturelles servent de mécanismes collectifs pour relever les défis collectifs et individuels à la suite d'une catastrophe. Elles représentent des unités et des pratiques collectives ancestrales dotées de diverses fonctionnalités qui transcendent les frontières. Dans le cas de la tempête Alex, ces unités et pratiques communautaires de survie ont été automatiquement activées pendant et après une panne d'électricité totale de 48 heures. Nous en observons l'émergence dans l'analyse qualitative de quatre-vingt-dix-huit entretiens. Pour des raisons opérationnelles dans le contexte français, nous l'appelons "MINGAS", ce qui signifie "Mouvement d'intervention immédiate, générosité et actions solidaires" ou "Immediate intervention movement for generosity and solidarity actions". Nous avons notamment constaté que ce mouvement reste actif sur le long terme après la catastrophe. La clé du succès de cette unité réside dans la culture du partage adoptée par les habitants des vallées. L'entraide permanente et les actes de solidarité ont renforcé les capacités des résidents locaux et servent d'exemple de résilience sociale. Après l'événement, les gens ont fait preuve d'un sens accru des responsabilités. Toutefois, un travail avec les institutions publiques est nécessaire pour une meilleure coordination, mais il n'est pas encore achevé.

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  • Authors: Jeanningros, Hugo;

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Annika Mildner; Andreas Horrer; Patrizia Weiss; Simon Dickreuter; +4 Authors

    The emergence of optical chirality in the light emitted from plasmonic nanostructures is commonly associated with their geometrical chirality. Although it has been demonstrated that even achiral structures can exhibit chiral near-fields, the existence of chiroptical far-field responses of such structures is widely neglected. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the polarization state in a single planar achiral plasmonic nanostructure that sustains more than one prominent plasmon mode. In consideration of the relative phase, the superposition of the fields associated with these modes determines the polarization state of the emitted light in the far-field. Supported by simulations of the surface charge distribution of the particle, we show that the polarization state of the emitted light is already determined in the near-field. The chiroptical far-field responses are analyzed by polarized single-particle dark-field scattering spectroscopy. We introduce an analytical model that enables us to obtain the polarization information from the spectra of structures with dipolar resonances taken under unpolarized illumination. The same principle is confirmed in polarimetric spectroscopy measurements on rhomboids with systematically varied angles, therefore, introducing increasing values of geometrical chirality to the structures. The agreement between the calculation and measurement demonstrates the general validity of our model for both chiral and achiral structures.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao ACS Nanoarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    ACS Nano
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Article . 2023
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao ACS Nanoarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      ACS Nano
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  • Authors: Matta, Nada; Abel, Marie-Hélène; Karray, Mohamed Hedi;

    International audience; Ethics, defined initially as moral and virtues principles, becomes more and more deontological and social rules, especially to evaluate development and use of AI systems. In this paper, we present investigations to show the importance of ethics in AI technologies emphasizing their important impact in society and research.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Amina Turki; Bruno Guelorget; Virgil Optasanu; Manuel François; +2 Authors

    International audience; The generation of a high density of twins few tens nanometers in size can enhance both strength and ductility. The present work aims to produce highly twinned microstructure in Cu-6wt% Zn alloy of a moderate stacking fault energy (SFE) by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) using a die with angles =110° and =0. X ray diffraction (XRD) shows that a high density of defects is stored up to 2 passes then a recovery takes place. EBSD imaging reveals a high density of twins and a fibrous microstructure. Grains close to 100nm in size are formed. Strain rate sensitivity (SRS) was investigated in compression and nanoindentation (NI). Compression curves show that deformation occurs by slipping with a contribution of twins to hardening. A high contribution of shear bands was revealed during ECAP and compression tests. The activation volume V* in compression and NI is in the range 70b 3-100b 3 , consistent with the emission of dislocations from grain boundaries and twin boundaries The experimental values of V* were compared to those expected from defect densities.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Alloys an...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Alloys and Compounds
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Hassan Hachem; Hai Canh Vu; Mitra Fouladirad;

    International audience; Predicting the Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL) of a system has become one of the primary goals of engineering and reliability researchers. RUL prediction is based on the measurement data collected from sensors (e.g. vibration data, temperature data). The collected data is may be inaccurate owing to sensor problems. These problems are often ignored or modeled by a Gaussian noise in most previous work. However, due to various operation circumstances and the aging impact, the sensor itself will ultimately deteriorate and its performance will deteriorate. The Gaussian noise with a constant mean is then not appropriate to fully capture the sensor degradation. In this context, this study focuses on predicting the RUL considering the sensor degradation. For this purpose, a joint model of sensor degradation and system degradation is firstly developed. In this model, the sensor degradation is modeled by Wiener and Gamma processes instead of Gaussian noise. Then, different estimation methods based on the particle filter, a popular model-based technique, were proposed to predict the RUL based on the joint degradation model. To study the performances of our methods, numerical analyzes were carried out. The obtained results confirm the performance and advantages of the proposed methods.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Reliability Engineer...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Reliability Engineering & System Safety
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: E. Mosayebi Omshi; S. Shemehsavar; A. Grall;

    International audience; This paper looks at the challenge of making maintenance decisions for deteriorating systems when the degradation process leading to failure cannot be directly observed or measured. In this scenario, the system's health is monitored by observing the progression of a degradation-related marker index, which can be obtained through inspections. To model this configuration, a bivariate gamma process is employed. One component represents the marker process, while the other represents the degradation process, which dictates the time of failure. Two condition-based maintenance (CBM) policies are proposed and analyzed. The first policy is based on a conventional decision structure, utilizing a fixed preventive threshold directly applied to the measured process. The second policy relies on monitoring data related to the marker process to estimate the level of latent degradation at inspections. We demonstrate that the second policy is equivalent to a policy employing an adaptive preventive threshold that sequentially evolves. We provide insights into some key properties associated with this approach. The expected cost rate is calculated and employed for policy optimization. Additionally, a numerical study is presented that showcases the practical implementation of the method and highlights the effectiveness of the second approach, even when the correlation between degradation and the marker process is low.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Reliability Engineer...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Reliability Engineering & System Safety
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Reliability Engineer...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Reliability Engineering & System Safety
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Pepin, Guillaume;

    Les travaux présentés dans ce document ont été menés dans le cadre du projet AILES à l'Université de technologie de Troyes entre septembre 2020 et août 2023. En s’informant auprès d’acteurs de l’orientation de la région Champagne-Ardenne et en combinant différentes méthodologies de recherche, les travaux ont cherché à comprendre l’écosystème de l’orientation, les pratiques des différents acteurs ainsi que leurs besoins afin de formuler des recommandations pertinentes pour améliorer l’accompagnement à la construction du parcours d’orientation des jeunes. Notre travail s’est situé dans la lignée des sciences participatives de l’orientation qui, en complément des sciences de l’éducation, vise à mieux accompagner les jeunes dans la construction de leur parcours.Ce travail a montré que l’étude de l’orientation sans une prise en compte des contraintes inhérentesaux établissements est impossible. Pour que les élèves puissent construire plus facilement leur parcours et leurs projets futurs, il apparait nécessaire de revoir la place de l’orientation dans les établissements, en garantissant les heures d’orientation dans les dotations des établissements et en appliquant l’ancrage disciplinaire de l’orientation, qui n’existe pour le moment que dans les textes. En l’état, les 54 heures d’orientation ne sont pas investies, l’orientation souffre d’un manque de place dans les établissements et les acteurs ne peuvent assurer un accompagnement efficace de tous les élèves.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Misaii, Hasan; Fouladirad, Mitra; Haghighi, Firoozeh;

    International audience

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Computati...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Computati...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
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  • Authors: Benie, Kandy;

    Ces dernières années, les fibres de chanvre ou du lin affichent un potentiel de renforcement qui n’est pas entièrement exploité, car les renforts se présentent souvent en fibres courtes et les agro-composites sont très sensibles à la qualité et au type de renforts. Associé à une matrice polymère, ces renforts permettent d’élaborer des agro-composites avec de hautes performances mécaniques, thermiques, phonique etc. ainsi qu’une bonne aptitude à la mise en forme. Dans ce contexte nous souhaitons maitriser l’élaboration et la caractérisation des agro-composites hautes performances à base de fibres naturelles par différentes techniques de mise en forme (compression, injection ou fabrication 3D). In recent years, hemp or flax fibers have shown a reinforcement potential that is not fully exploited, because reinforcements often come in short fibers and agro-composites are very sensitive to the quality and type of reinforcements. Associated with a polymer matrix, these reinforcements make it possible to develop agro-composites with high mechanical, thermal, phonic performance, etc. as well as good fitness. In this context, we want to master the development and characterization of high-performance agro-composites based on natural fibers by different shaping techniques (compression, injection or 3D manufacturing).

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  • Authors: Ortiz Haro, David; Laclémence, Patrick; Morel Senatore, Audrey; Delatour, Guillaume;

    International audience; The aftermath of Storm Alex in Southeastern France highlighted new avenues for human interaction during disasters. Unfortunately, authorities and rescue personnel often perceive populations as passive actors, overlooking their potential as valuable human resources. This perspective fails to recognise their active role. It’s crucial to study how local communities behaved and established solidarity alongside official institutions’ activities. Upon analyzing accounts from local residents, authorities and rescue personnel, we have identified unique social and organisational aspects. Robust social networks and bonds among stakeholders illustrate the presence of a Westernised adaptation of ancestral collective practices. Comparable ancestral collective behaviours exist worldwide, such as The Minga in Andean countries, Moyai-Naoshi in Japan, or Twiza in certain Arab nations. These cultural practices serve as collective mechanisms for addressing both collective and individual challenges in the wake of disasters. They represent ancestral collective units and practices with diverse functionalities that transcend boundaries. In the case of Storm Alex, these communal survival units and practices were automatically activated during and following a 48 hour complete blackout. We observe its emergence in the qualitative analysis of ninety eight interviews. For operational purposes in the French context, we refer to it as “MINGAS” which stands for “Mouvement d’intervention immédiate, générosité et actions solidaires” or “Immediate intervention movement for generosity and solidarity actions”. Notably, we have observed that this movement remains active in the long term after the disaster. The key to the success of this unit lies in the culture of sharing embraced by the valleys’ inhabitants. Continuous mutual aid and acts of solidarity have empowered local residents and serve as an example of social resilience. After the event people have shown a heightened sense of responsibility. However a work with state institutions is necessary for a better coordination but it remains unfinished.; Les conséquences de la tempête Alex dans le sud-est de la France ont mis en lumière de nouvelles possibilités d'interaction humaine en cas de catastrophe. Malheureusement, les autorités et le personnel de secours perçoivent souvent les populations comme des acteurs passifs, négligeant leur potentiel en tant que ressources humaines précieuses. Cette perspective ne reconnaît pas leur rôle actif. Il est essentiel d'étudier comment les communautés locales se sont comportées et ont établi une solidarité parallèlement aux activités des institutions officielles. En analysant les récits des habitants, des autorités et du personnel de secours, nous avons identifié des aspects sociaux et organisationnels uniques. Des réseaux sociaux solides et des liens entre les parties prenantes illustrent la présence d'une adaptation occidentalisée de pratiques collectives ancestrales. Des comportements collectifs ancestraux comparables existent dans le monde entier, comme la Minga dans les pays andins, le Moyai-Naoshi au Japon ou la Twiza dans certains pays arabes. es pratiques culturelles servent de mécanismes collectifs pour relever les défis collectifs et individuels à la suite d'une catastrophe. Elles représentent des unités et des pratiques collectives ancestrales dotées de diverses fonctionnalités qui transcendent les frontières. Dans le cas de la tempête Alex, ces unités et pratiques communautaires de survie ont été automatiquement activées pendant et après une panne d'électricité totale de 48 heures. Nous en observons l'émergence dans l'analyse qualitative de quatre-vingt-dix-huit entretiens. Pour des raisons opérationnelles dans le contexte français, nous l'appelons "MINGAS", ce qui signifie "Mouvement d'intervention immédiate, générosité et actions solidaires" ou "Immediate intervention movement for generosity and solidarity actions". Nous avons notamment constaté que ce mouvement reste actif sur le long terme après la catastrophe. La clé du succès de cette unité réside dans la culture du partage adoptée par les habitants des vallées. L'entraide permanente et les actes de solidarité ont renforcé les capacités des résidents locaux et servent d'exemple de résilience sociale. Après l'événement, les gens ont fait preuve d'un sens accru des responsabilités. Toutefois, un travail avec les institutions publiques est nécessaire pour une meilleure coordination, mais il n'est pas encore achevé.

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  • Authors: Jeanningros, Hugo;

    International audience

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Annika Mildner; Andreas Horrer; Patrizia Weiss; Simon Dickreuter; +4 Authors

    The emergence of optical chirality in the light emitted from plasmonic nanostructures is commonly associated with their geometrical chirality. Although it has been demonstrated that even achiral structures can exhibit chiral near-fields, the existence of chiroptical far-field responses of such structures is widely neglected. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the polarization state in a single planar achiral plasmonic nanostructure that sustains more than one prominent plasmon mode. In consideration of the relative phase, the superposition of the fields associated with these modes determines the polarization state of the emitted light in the far-field. Supported by simulations of the surface charge distribution of the particle, we show that the polarization state of the emitted light is already determined in the near-field. The chiroptical far-field responses are analyzed by polarized single-particle dark-field scattering spectroscopy. We introduce an analytical model that enables us to obtain the polarization information from the spectra of structures with dipolar resonances taken under unpolarized illumination. The same principle is confirmed in polarimetric spectroscopy measurements on rhomboids with systematically varied angles, therefore, introducing increasing values of geometrical chirality to the structures. The agreement between the calculation and measurement demonstrates the general validity of our model for both chiral and achiral structures.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao ACS Nanoarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    ACS Nano
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao ACS Nanoarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      ACS Nano
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      Article . 2023
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  • Authors: Matta, Nada; Abel, Marie-Hélène; Karray, Mohamed Hedi;

    International audience; Ethics, defined initially as moral and virtues principles, becomes more and more deontological and social rules, especially to evaluate development and use of AI systems. In this paper, we present investigations to show the importance of ethics in AI technologies emphasizing their important impact in society and research.

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Amina Turki; Bruno Guelorget; Virgil Optasanu; Manuel François; +2 Authors

    International audience; The generation of a high density of twins few tens nanometers in size can enhance both strength and ductility. The present work aims to produce highly twinned microstructure in Cu-6wt% Zn alloy of a moderate stacking fault energy (SFE) by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) using a die with angles =110° and =0. X ray diffraction (XRD) shows that a high density of defects is stored up to 2 passes then a recovery takes place. EBSD imaging reveals a high density of twins and a fibrous microstructure. Grains close to 100nm in size are formed. Strain rate sensitivity (SRS) was investigated in compression and nanoindentation (NI). Compression curves show that deformation occurs by slipping with a contribution of twins to hardening. A high contribution of shear bands was revealed during ECAP and compression tests. The activation volume V* in compression and NI is in the range 70b 3-100b 3 , consistent with the emission of dislocations from grain boundaries and twin boundaries The experimental values of V* were compared to those expected from defect densities.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Alloys an...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Alloys and Compounds
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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