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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Funnell, M.; Peirce, C.; Stratford, W.; Paulatto, M.; +2 Authors

    International audience; The Tonga-Kermadec forearc is deforming in response to on-going subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Indo-Australian Plate. Previous research has focussed on the structural development of the forearc where large bathymetric features such as the Hikurangi Plateau and Louisville Ridge seamount chain are being subducted. Consequently, knowledge of the ‘background’ forearc in regions of normal plate convergence is limited. We report on an ∼250-km-long multichannel seismic reflection profile that was shot perpendicular to the Tonga-Kermadec trench at ∼28°S to determine the lateral and temporal variations in the structure, stratigraphy and deformation of the Kermadec forearc resulting solely from Pacific Plate subduction.Interpretation of the seismic profile, in conjunction with regional swath bathymetry data, shows that the Pacific Plate exhibits horst and graben structures that accommodate bending-induced extensional stresses, generated as the trenchward dip of the crust increases. Trench infill is also much thicker than expected at 1 km which, we propose, results from increased sediment flux into and along the trench. Pervasive normal faulting of the mid-trench slope most likely accommodates the majority of the observed forearc extension in response to basal subduction erosion, and a structural high is located between the mid- and upper-trench slopes. We interpret this high as representing a dense and most likely structurally robust region of crust lying beneath this region.Sediment of the upper-trench slope documents depositional hiatuses and on-going uplift of the arc. Strong along-arc currents appear to erode the Kermadec volcanic arc and distribute this sediment to the surrounding basins, while currents over the forearc redistribute deposits as sediment waves. Minor uplift of the transitional Kermadec forearc, observed just to the north of the profile, appears to relate to an underlying structural trend as well as subduction of the Louisville Ridge seamount chain 250 km to the north. Relative uplift of the Kermadec arc is observed from changes in the tilt of upper-trench slope deposits and extensional faulting of the basement immediately surrounding the Louisville Ridge.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OceanReparrow_drop_down
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    OceanRep
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: OceanRep
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    Geophysical Journal International
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gonzalez, Raquel Ajates; Thomas, Jessica; Chang, Marina;

    The popularity of agroecology has grown over the last few years as an alternative paradigm for food systems. This public attention has meant agroecology is increasingly becoming institutionalised and integrated into food policy frameworks. While there is a significant body of literature discussing the origins and worldviews intrinsic to agroecology, hardly any academic publications focusing on analysing policies claiming to have an agroecological focus exist. This first policy study of its kind contributes to the scarce agroecological policy literature by interrogating what we argue is a &lsquo process, which starts with the vision of agroecology and analyses how the concept changes once it has been operationalised into a policy document or law. Evidence from two European agricultural policy contexts, namely France and the United Kingdom, is presented. The methodology followed focused on the analysis of the context, problem construction, conceptualisation of agroecology, operational principles, and policy instruments included in the policy documents. Three main themes emerged from the case studies: differences in framing agroecology in the public policy arena and the need for democratic discussion on the hybridisation of agroecology itself, as well as on implied, but often veiled, political choices. This paper concludes that a selective and relational hybridisation of agroecology is emerging during its &lsquo common dependencies to existing configurations influencing translations of agroecology in public policies into public policies. translation&rsquo

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
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    Sustainability
    Other literature type . Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Sustainability
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    Data sources: UnpayWall
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    ProdInra
    Article . 2018
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ProdInra
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    Sustainability
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: DOAJ-Articles
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    Article . 2018
    Data sources: DOAJ
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  • Authors: Castanier, Carole; Deroche, Thomas; Woodman, Tim;

    International audience; Understanding the motivation behind unsafe driving practices is of paramount importance with a view to preventing road violations and crashes. Although the vast majority of previous studies have reported the predictive utility of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), these studies have been conducted within an additive framework. The present study aimed to better understand the role of the TPB constructs in predicting drivers' road violation intentions and behaviours by investigating the interaction between differentiated Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC) components (i.e. perceived capacity and autonomy) and the other TPB factors on intention and road violations. We hypothesised that attitudes or subjective norms would affect intention, and that intention would affect behaviour, only to the degree that they are accompanied by high perceived capacity or high perceived autonomy. Participants (n = 280) completed two surveys 6 months apart: the first survey (Time 1) assessed the TPB components (i.e., attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and intention); the second survey (Time 2) reported road violation behaviours. The moderator effect of differentiated PBC components was inconsistent across road violation behaviours. Drink-driving was the road violation that was best predicted by the interactive TPB components, such as both perceived capacity and autonomy moderate the contribution of subjective norms on intention formation and perceived capacity moderate the prediction of behaviour by intention. Globally, TPB was a predictor of road violation intentions and behaviours, with both additive and interactive effects. From a practical standpoint, contemporary theories of attitudes and beliefs should consider the possibility of the interactive framework for a more precise prediction of road safety behaviour.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: L. van Gelderen; Hwm Bos; Terrence D. Jorgensen; Kate Ellis-Davies; +6 Authors

    Study question:\ud Are there differences in levels of parental wellbeing (parental stress, psychological adjustment, and partner relationship satisfaction) between gay-father families with infants born through surrogacy, lesbian-mother families with infants born through donor insemination, and heterosexual-parent families with infants born through IVF?\ud \ud Summary answer:\ud There were no differences in parental wellbeing.\ud \ud What is known already: \ud The only other study of parental wellbeing in gay-father families formed through surrogacy (mean age children: 4 years old) found no difference in couple relationship satisfaction between these families and lesbian-mother families formed through donor insemination and heterosexual-parent families formed without assisted reproductive technologies.\ud \ud Study design, size, duration:\ud This cross-sectional study is part of an international research project involving 38 gay-father families, 61 lesbian-mother families, and 41 heterosexual-parent families with 4-month-olds. In each country (the U.K., the Netherlands, and France), participants were recruited through several sources, such as specialist lawyers with expertise in surrogacy (for the recruitment of gay fathers), lesbian and gay parenting support groups, fertility clinics (for the recruitment of lesbian and heterosexual parents), and/or online forums and magazines.\ud \ud Participants/materials, setting, methods:\ud During a home visit when their infants were between 3.5 and 4.5 months old, participants completed standardized measures of parental stress, parental psychological adjustment (anxiety and depression), and partner relationship satisfaction.\ud \ud Main results and the role of chance:\ud All parents reported relatively low levels of parental stress, anxiety, and depression, and were all relatively satisfied with their intimate relationships. After controlling for caregiver role (primary or secondary caregiver role), there were no significant family type differences in parental stress, p =.949, depression, \ud p =.089, anxiety, p =.117, or relationship satisfaction, p = .354.\ud \ud Limitations, reasons for caution: \ud The findings cannot be generalized to all first-time ART parents with infants because only families from relatively privileged backgrounds participated. \ud \ud Wider implications of the findings:\ud Our findings may have implications for the development of policy and legislation in relation to these new family forms, as well as the regulation of surrogacy in the Netherlands and France. In addition, our findings might encourage professional organizations of obstetricians and gynecologists in these countries to recommend that requests for assisted reproduction should be considered regardless of the applicants' sexual orientation.\ud \ud Study funding/competing interest(s):\ud This research was supported, under the auspices of the Open Research Area (Application BO 3973/1- 1; Principal Investigator, Michael E Lamb), by grants from the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC; Grant ES/K006150/1; Principal Investigator, Michael E. Lamb), The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO; Grant NWO 464-11-001, Principal Investigator, Henny Bos), and the French Agence Nationale de Recherche (ANR ; Grant ANR-12-ORAR-00005-01, Principal Investigator, Olivier Vecho) whose support is gratefully acknowledged. There were no competing interests.

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    Apollo
    Other literature type . 2018
    Data sources: Apollo
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    Human Reproduction
    Article
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    Apollo
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: Datacite
    Human Reproduction
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Funnell, M.; Peirce, C.; Stratford, W.; Paulatto, M.; +2 Authors

    International audience; The Tonga-Kermadec forearc is deforming in response to on-going subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Indo-Australian Plate. Previous research has focussed on the structural development of the forearc where large bathymetric features such as the Hikurangi Plateau and Louisville Ridge seamount chain are being subducted. Consequently, knowledge of the ‘background’ forearc in regions of normal plate convergence is limited. We report on an ∼250-km-long multichannel seismic reflection profile that was shot perpendicular to the Tonga-Kermadec trench at ∼28°S to determine the lateral and temporal variations in the structure, stratigraphy and deformation of the Kermadec forearc resulting solely from Pacific Plate subduction.Interpretation of the seismic profile, in conjunction with regional swath bathymetry data, shows that the Pacific Plate exhibits horst and graben structures that accommodate bending-induced extensional stresses, generated as the trenchward dip of the crust increases. Trench infill is also much thicker than expected at 1 km which, we propose, results from increased sediment flux into and along the trench. Pervasive normal faulting of the mid-trench slope most likely accommodates the majority of the observed forearc extension in response to basal subduction erosion, and a structural high is located between the mid- and upper-trench slopes. We interpret this high as representing a dense and most likely structurally robust region of crust lying beneath this region.Sediment of the upper-trench slope documents depositional hiatuses and on-going uplift of the arc. Strong along-arc currents appear to erode the Kermadec volcanic arc and distribute this sediment to the surrounding basins, while currents over the forearc redistribute deposits as sediment waves. Minor uplift of the transitional Kermadec forearc, observed just to the north of the profile, appears to relate to an underlying structural trend as well as subduction of the Louisville Ridge seamount chain 250 km to the north. Relative uplift of the Kermadec arc is observed from changes in the tilt of upper-trench slope deposits and extensional faulting of the basement immediately surrounding the Louisville Ridge.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OceanReparrow_drop_down
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    OceanRep
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: OceanRep
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    Geophysical Journal International
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gonzalez, Raquel Ajates; Thomas, Jessica; Chang, Marina;

    The popularity of agroecology has grown over the last few years as an alternative paradigm for food systems. This public attention has meant agroecology is increasingly becoming institutionalised and integrated into food policy frameworks. While there is a significant body of literature discussing the origins and worldviews intrinsic to agroecology, hardly any academic publications focusing on analysing policies claiming to have an agroecological focus exist. This first policy study of its kind contributes to the scarce agroecological policy literature by interrogating what we argue is a &lsquo process, which starts with the vision of agroecology and analyses how the concept changes once it has been operationalised into a policy document or law. Evidence from two European agricultural policy contexts, namely France and the United Kingdom, is presented. The methodology followed focused on the analysis of the context, problem construction, conceptualisation of agroecology, operational principles, and policy instruments included in the policy documents. Three main themes emerged from the case studies: differences in framing agroecology in the public policy arena and the need for democratic discussion on the hybridisation of agroecology itself, as well as on implied, but often veiled, political choices. This paper concludes that a selective and relational hybridisation of agroecology is emerging during its &lsquo common dependencies to existing configurations influencing translations of agroecology in public policies into public policies. translation&rsquo

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
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    Sustainability
    Other literature type . Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Sustainability
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    Data sources: UnpayWall
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    ProdInra
    Article . 2018
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ProdInra
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    Sustainability
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: DOAJ-Articles
    DOAJ
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: DOAJ
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  • Authors: Castanier, Carole; Deroche, Thomas; Woodman, Tim;

    International audience; Understanding the motivation behind unsafe driving practices is of paramount importance with a view to preventing road violations and crashes. Although the vast majority of previous studies have reported the predictive utility of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), these studies have been conducted within an additive framework. The present study aimed to better understand the role of the TPB constructs in predicting drivers' road violation intentions and behaviours by investigating the interaction between differentiated Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC) components (i.e. perceived capacity and autonomy) and the other TPB factors on intention and road violations. We hypothesised that attitudes or subjective norms would affect intention, and that intention would affect behaviour, only to the degree that they are accompanied by high perceived capacity or high perceived autonomy. Participants (n = 280) completed two surveys 6 months apart: the first survey (Time 1) assessed the TPB components (i.e., attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and intention); the second survey (Time 2) reported road violation behaviours. The moderator effect of differentiated PBC components was inconsistent across road violation behaviours. Drink-driving was the road violation that was best predicted by the interactive TPB components, such as both perceived capacity and autonomy moderate the contribution of subjective norms on intention formation and perceived capacity moderate the prediction of behaviour by intention. Globally, TPB was a predictor of road violation intentions and behaviours, with both additive and interactive effects. From a practical standpoint, contemporary theories of attitudes and beliefs should consider the possibility of the interactive framework for a more precise prediction of road safety behaviour.

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    111
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    Authors: L. van Gelderen; Hwm Bos; Terrence D. Jorgensen; Kate Ellis-Davies; +6 Authors

    Study question:\ud Are there differences in levels of parental wellbeing (parental stress, psychological adjustment, and partner relationship satisfaction) between gay-father families with infants born through surrogacy, lesbian-mother families with infants born through donor insemination, and heterosexual-parent families with infants born through IVF?\ud \ud Summary answer:\ud There were no differences in parental wellbeing.\ud \ud What is known already: \ud The only other study of parental wellbeing in gay-father families formed through surrogacy (mean age children: 4 years old) found no difference in couple relationship satisfaction between these families and lesbian-mother families formed through donor insemination and heterosexual-parent families formed without assisted reproductive technologies.\ud \ud Study design, size, duration:\ud This cross-sectional study is part of an international research project involving 38 gay-father families, 61 lesbian-mother families, and 41 heterosexual-parent families with 4-month-olds. In each country (the U.K., the Netherlands, and France), participants were recruited through several sources, such as specialist lawyers with expertise in surrogacy (for the recruitment of gay fathers), lesbian and gay parenting support groups, fertility clinics (for the recruitment of lesbian and heterosexual parents), and/or online forums and magazines.\ud \ud Participants/materials, setting, methods:\ud During a home visit when their infants were between 3.5 and 4.5 months old, participants completed standardized measures of parental stress, parental psychological adjustment (anxiety and depression), and partner relationship satisfaction.\ud \ud Main results and the role of chance:\ud All parents reported relatively low levels of parental stress, anxiety, and depression, and were all relatively satisfied with their intimate relationships. After controlling for caregiver role (primary or secondary caregiver role), there were no significant family type differences in parental stress, p =.949, depression, \ud p =.089, anxiety, p =.117, or relationship satisfaction, p = .354.\ud \ud Limitations, reasons for caution: \ud The findings cannot be generalized to all first-time ART parents with infants because only families from relatively privileged backgrounds participated. \ud \ud Wider implications of the findings:\ud Our findings may have implications for the development of policy and legislation in relation to these new family forms, as well as the regulation of surrogacy in the Netherlands and France. In addition, our findings might encourage professional organizations of obstetricians and gynecologists in these countries to recommend that requests for assisted reproduction should be considered regardless of the applicants' sexual orientation.\ud \ud Study funding/competing interest(s):\ud This research was supported, under the auspices of the Open Research Area (Application BO 3973/1- 1; Principal Investigator, Michael E Lamb), by grants from the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC; Grant ES/K006150/1; Principal Investigator, Michael E. Lamb), The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO; Grant NWO 464-11-001, Principal Investigator, Henny Bos), and the French Agence Nationale de Recherche (ANR ; Grant ANR-12-ORAR-00005-01, Principal Investigator, Olivier Vecho) whose support is gratefully acknowledged. There were no competing interests.

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    Apollo
    Other literature type . 2018
    Data sources: Apollo
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    Human Reproduction
    Article
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    Apollo
    Article . 2018
    Data sources: Datacite
    Human Reproduction
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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