- home
- Advanced Search
- Transport Research
- Publications
- Research software
- Part of book or chapter of book
- GB
- Hal-Diderot
- HAL AMU
- Transport Research
- Publications
- Research software
- Part of book or chapter of book
- GB
- Hal-Diderot
- HAL AMU
Loading
description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object , Part of book or chapter of book 2011 FrancePublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Schmehl, Susanne; Deutsch, Stephanie; Schrammel, Johann; Paletta, Lucas; Tscheligi, Manfred;Part 2: Long and Short Papers; International audience; In this paper we describe the application of a variation of cultural probing for identifying barriers in the use of public transportation for target groups with visual, cognitive or language-related handicaps. To be able to better focus on the targeted aspect - the barriers - we applied modifications to the traditional cultural probing approach: Users were encouraged to generate data related to the targeted aspect. We found that this approach can produce focused results that can be analysed fast and can help to overcome obstacles related to limitations in verbal skills or expressiveness of the user.
https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2011License: CC BYHal-DiderotConference object . 2011License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01590586/documentData sources: Hal-Diderothttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2011 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-23774-4_34&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 7 citations 7 popularity Average influence Top 10% impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2011License: CC BYHal-DiderotConference object . 2011License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01590586/documentData sources: Hal-Diderothttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2011 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-23774-4_34&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object , Part of book or chapter of book 2012 France, United KingdomPublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Funded by:EC | EVANSEC| EVANSShen, Meng; Liu, Hongying; Xu, Ke; Wang, Ning; Zhong, Yifeng;Energy consumption has already become a major challenge to the current Internet. Most researches aim at lowering energy consumption under certain fixed performance constraints. Since trade-offs exist between network performance and energy saving, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) may desire to achieve different Traffic Engineering (TE) goals corresponding to changeable requirements. The major contributions of this paper are twofold: 1) we present an OSPF-based routing mechanism, Routing On Demand (ROD), that considers both performance and energy saving, and 2) we theoretically prove that a set of link weights always exists for each trade-off variant of the TE objective, under which solutions (i.e., routes) derived from ROD can be converted into shortest paths and realized through OSPF. Extensive evaluation results show that ROD can achieve various trade-offs between energy saving and performance in terms of Maximum Link Utilization, while maintaining better packet delay than that of the energy-agnostic TE. © 2012 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.
https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Hal-DiderotConference object . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01531129/documentData sources: Hal-DiderotMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2012License: CC BYSurrey Research InsightConference object . 2012 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Surrey Research Insighthttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2012 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-30045-5_18&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 26 citations 26 popularity Average influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Hal-DiderotConference object . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01531129/documentData sources: Hal-DiderotMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2012License: CC BYSurrey Research InsightConference object . 2012 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Surrey Research Insighthttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2012 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-30045-5_18&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Conference object 2013 FrancePublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Authors: Amaldi, Paola; Smoker, Anthony;Amaldi, Paola; Smoker, Anthony;Part 3: Evaluations, Interactions and Applications; International audience; Although automation has been introduced in all areas of public life, what seems to be missing is a reflection at the organizational or societal level about a policy of automation. By this we intend appropriate declarations made at the level of rationale, future plans and strategies to achieve intended goals and most importantly how those achievements will impact on various aspects of societal life, from legal responsibilities to moral and socio economic issues. In some public spheres these issues are becoming quite controversial because automation opens up possibilities of profound structural re-organization; however, we lack a discussion across and within different work domains to help us review methods or even methodological principles needed to gather and organize knowledge towards the construction of automation policies. This paper uses the UK service organization for Air Traffic Management Domain called NATS – National Air traffic Service, as a case study to illustrate an example of an organization currently undertaking critical self-reflection about automation policy or lack of such, along with the illustration of some unresolved deep concerns raised by the development, introduction, and continued use of automation.
https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Hal-DiderotConference object . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01463387/documentData sources: Hal-DiderotMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2012License: CC BYhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-41145-8_16&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 2 citations 2 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Hal-DiderotConference object . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01463387/documentData sources: Hal-DiderotMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2012License: CC BYhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-41145-8_16&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object , Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 2014 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:EC | CO2PIPEHAZEC| CO2PIPEHAZAuthors: Woolley, Robert M.; Fairweather, Michael; Wareing, Christopher J.; Falle, Samuel A.E.G.; +3 AuthorsWoolley, Robert M.; Fairweather, Michael; Wareing, Christopher J.; Falle, Samuel A.E.G.; Proust, Christophe; Hebrard, Jérôme; Jamois, Didier;The work presented in this paper describes a novel multi-phase discharge and dispersion model capable of predicting the near-field fluid dynamics and phase-transition phenomena associated with accidental CO2 releases. Also presented in this paper are previously unpublished data describing the near-field structure of a number of largescale CO2 experimental releases, obtained through the EU-FP7 CO2PipeHaz (2009) project. The calculations employed an adaptive finite-volume grid algorithm to solve the Favre-averaged fluid-flow equations. This equation set was closed with the inclusion of both a two-equation k-e model and a second-moment Reynolds stress model to represent turbulent fluctuations. Results demonstrate the superior performance of the Reynolds stress transport model when compared to its compressibility-corrected counterpart.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . 2014https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0...Part of book or chapter of book . 2014 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/b978-0-444-63456-6.50154-x&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . 2014https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0...Part of book or chapter of book . 2014 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/b978-0-444-63456-6.50154-x&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2013 Spain, FrancePublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Gerrit de Leeuw; Cécile Guieu; A. Arneth; Nicolas Bellouin; Laurent Bopp; Philip W. Boyd; Hugo Denier van der Gon; Karine Desboeufs; François Dulac; M. Cristina Facchini; Brett Gantt; Baerbel Langmann; Natalie M. Mahowald; Emilio Marañón; Colin D. O'Dowd; Nazli Olgun; Elvira Pulido-Villena; Matteo Rinaldi; Euripides G. Stephanou; Thibaut Wagener;International audience; This chapter provides an overview of the current knowledge on aerosols in the marine atmosphere and the effects of aerosols on climate and on processes in the oceanic surface layer. Aerosol particles in the marine atmosphere originate predominantly from direct production at the sea surface due to the interaction between wind and waves (sea spray aerosol, or SSA) and indirect production by gas to particle conversion. These aerosols are supplemented by aerosols produced over the continents, as well as aerosols emitted by volcanoes and ship traffic, a large part of it being deposited to the ocean surface by dry and wet deposition. The SSA sources, chemical composition and ensuing physical and optical effects, are discussed. An overview is presented of continental sources and their ageing and mixing processes during transport. The current status of our knowledge on effects of marine aerosols on the Earth radiative balance, both direct by their interaction with solar radiation and indirect through their effects on cloud properties, is discussed. The deposition on the ocean surface of some key species, such as nutrients, their bioavailability and how they impact biogeochemical cycles are shown and discussed through different time and space scales approaches.
https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down https://link.springer.com/cont...Part of book or chapter of bookLicense: CC BY NCData sources: UnpayWallhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NCData sources: CrossrefRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; InvestigoPart of book or chapter of book . 2013 . 2022Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL AMU; HAL-CEA; HAL-IRD; HAL-UPMCPart of book or chapter of book . 2014License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01830179/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1_4&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down https://link.springer.com/cont...Part of book or chapter of bookLicense: CC BY NCData sources: UnpayWallhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NCData sources: CrossrefRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; InvestigoPart of book or chapter of book . 2013 . 2022Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL AMU; HAL-CEA; HAL-IRD; HAL-UPMCPart of book or chapter of book . 2014License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01830179/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1_4&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 2013 France, Germany, France, Spain, France, FrancePublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Véronique Garçon; Thomas G. Bell; Douglas W.R. Wallace; Steve R. Arnold; Alex R. Baker; Dorothee C. E. Bakker; Hernann W. Bange; Nicholas R. Bates; Laurent Bopp; Jacqueline Boutin; Philip W. Boyd; Astrid Bracher; John P. Burrows; Lucy J. Carpenter; Gerrit de Leeuw; Katja Fennel; Jordi Font; Tobias Friedrich; Christoph S. Garbe; Nicolas Gruber; Lyatt Jaeglé; Arancha Lana; James D. Lee; Peter S. Liss; Lisa A. Miller; Nazli Olgun; Are Olsen; Benjamin Pfeil; Birgit Quack; Katie A. Read; Nicolas Reul; Christian Rödenbeck; Shital S. Rohekar; Alfonso Saiz-Lopez; E. S. Saltzman; Oliver Schneising; Ute Schuster; Roland Séférian; Tobias Steinhoff; Pierre-Yves Le Traon; Franziska Ziska;handle: 10261/93764
Why a chapter on Perspectives and Integration in SOLAS Science in this book? SOLAS science by its nature deals with interactions that occur: across a wide spectrum of time and space scales, involve gases and particles, between the ocean and the atmosphere, across many disciplines including chemistry, biology, optics, physics, mathematics, computing, socio economics and consequently interactions between many different scientists and across scientific generations. This chapter provides a guide through the remarkable diversity of cross-cutting approaches and tools in the gigantic puzzle of the SOLAS realm. Here we overview the existing prime components of atmospheric and oceanic observing systems, with the acquisition of ocean–atmosphere observables either from in situ or from satellites, the rich hierarchy of models to test our knowledge of Earth System functioning, and the tremendous efforts accomplished over the last decade within the COST Action 735 and SOLAS Integration project frameworks to understand, as best we can, the current physical and biogeochemical state of the atmosphere and ocean commons. A few SOLAS integrative studies illustrate the full meaning of interactions, paving the way for even tighter connections between thematic fields. Ultimately, SOLAS research will also develop with an enhanced consideration of societal demand while preserving fundamental research coherency Garçon, Véronique ... et. al.-- 60 pages, 27 figures Peer reviewed
OceanRep arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; DIGITAL.CSICPart of book or chapter of book . 2014 . Peer-reviewedhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NCData sources: CrossrefArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2014Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-CEA; HAL-UPMCPart of book or chapter of book . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1_5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 4 citations 4 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 22visibility views 22 download downloads 1 Powered bymore_vert OceanRep arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; DIGITAL.CSICPart of book or chapter of book . 2014 . Peer-reviewedhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NCData sources: CrossrefArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2014Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-CEA; HAL-UPMCPart of book or chapter of book . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1_5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2020 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Precht, William; Aronson, Richard; Gardner, Toby; Gill, Jennifer; Hawkins, Julie; Hernández-Delgado, Edwin; Jaap, Walter; Mcclanahan, Tim; Mcfield, Melanie; Murdoch, Thaddeus J.T.; Nugues, Maggy; Roberts, Callum; Schelten, Christiane; Watkinson, Andrew; Côté, Isabelle;Abstract Caribbean reefs have experienced unprecedented changes in the past four decades. Of great concern is the perceived widespread shift from coral to macroalgal dominance and the question of whether it represents a new, stable equilibrium for coral-reef communities. The primary causes of the shift—grazing pressure (top-down), nutrient loading (bottom-up) or direct coral mortality (side-in)—still remain somewhat controversial in the coral-reef literature. We have attempted to tease out the relative importance of each of these causes. Four insights emerge from our analysis of an early regional dataset of information on the benthic composition of Caribbean reefs spanning the years 1977–2001. First, although three-quarters of reef sites have experienced coral declines concomitant with macroalgal increases, fewer than 10% of the more than 200 sites studied were dominated by macroalgae in 2001, by even the most conservative definition of dominance. Using relative dominance as the threshold, a total of 49 coral-to-macroalgae shifts were detected. This total represents ~ 35% of all sites that were dominated by coral at the start of their monitoring periods. Four shifts (8.2%) occurred because of coral loss with no change in macroalgal cover, 15 (30.6%) occurred because of macroalgal gain without coral loss, and 30 (61.2%) occurred owing to concomitant coral decline and macroalgal increase. Second, the timing of shifts at the regional scale is most consistent with the side-in model of reef degradation, which invokes coral mortality as a precursor to macroalgal takeover, because more shifts occurred after regional coral-mortality events than expected by chance. Third, instantaneous observations taken at the start and end of the time-series for individual sites showed these reefs existed along a continuum of coral and macroalgal cover. The continuous, broadly negative relationship between coral and macroalgal cover suggests that in some cases coral-to-macroalgae phase shifts may be reversed by removing sources of perturbation or restoring critical components such as the herbivorous sea urchin Diadema antillarum to the system. The five instances in which macroalgal dominance was reversed corroborate the conclusion that macroalgal dominance is not a stable, alternative community state as has been commonly assumed. Fourth, the fact that the loss in regional coral cover and concomitant changes to the benthic community are related to punctuated, discrete events with known causes (i.e. coral disease and bleaching), lends credence to the hypothesis that coral reefs of the Caribbean have been under assault from climate-change-related maladies since the 1970s.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.amb...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationPart of book or chapter of book . 2020add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/bs.amb.2020.08.008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu16 citations 16 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.amb...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationPart of book or chapter of book . 2020add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/bs.amb.2020.08.008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu
Loading
description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object , Part of book or chapter of book 2011 FrancePublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Schmehl, Susanne; Deutsch, Stephanie; Schrammel, Johann; Paletta, Lucas; Tscheligi, Manfred;Part 2: Long and Short Papers; International audience; In this paper we describe the application of a variation of cultural probing for identifying barriers in the use of public transportation for target groups with visual, cognitive or language-related handicaps. To be able to better focus on the targeted aspect - the barriers - we applied modifications to the traditional cultural probing approach: Users were encouraged to generate data related to the targeted aspect. We found that this approach can produce focused results that can be analysed fast and can help to overcome obstacles related to limitations in verbal skills or expressiveness of the user.
https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2011License: CC BYHal-DiderotConference object . 2011License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01590586/documentData sources: Hal-Diderothttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2011 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-23774-4_34&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 7 citations 7 popularity Average influence Top 10% impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2011License: CC BYHal-DiderotConference object . 2011License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01590586/documentData sources: Hal-Diderothttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2011 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-23774-4_34&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object , Part of book or chapter of book 2012 France, United KingdomPublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Funded by:EC | EVANSEC| EVANSShen, Meng; Liu, Hongying; Xu, Ke; Wang, Ning; Zhong, Yifeng;Energy consumption has already become a major challenge to the current Internet. Most researches aim at lowering energy consumption under certain fixed performance constraints. Since trade-offs exist between network performance and energy saving, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) may desire to achieve different Traffic Engineering (TE) goals corresponding to changeable requirements. The major contributions of this paper are twofold: 1) we present an OSPF-based routing mechanism, Routing On Demand (ROD), that considers both performance and energy saving, and 2) we theoretically prove that a set of link weights always exists for each trade-off variant of the TE objective, under which solutions (i.e., routes) derived from ROD can be converted into shortest paths and realized through OSPF. Extensive evaluation results show that ROD can achieve various trade-offs between energy saving and performance in terms of Maximum Link Utilization, while maintaining better packet delay than that of the energy-agnostic TE. © 2012 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.
https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Hal-DiderotConference object . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01531129/documentData sources: Hal-DiderotMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2012License: CC BYSurrey Research InsightConference object . 2012 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Surrey Research Insighthttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2012 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-30045-5_18&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 26 citations 26 popularity Average influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Hal-DiderotConference object . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01531129/documentData sources: Hal-DiderotMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2012License: CC BYSurrey Research InsightConference object . 2012 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Surrey Research Insighthttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2012 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-30045-5_18&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Conference object 2013 FrancePublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Authors: Amaldi, Paola; Smoker, Anthony;Amaldi, Paola; Smoker, Anthony;Part 3: Evaluations, Interactions and Applications; International audience; Although automation has been introduced in all areas of public life, what seems to be missing is a reflection at the organizational or societal level about a policy of automation. By this we intend appropriate declarations made at the level of rationale, future plans and strategies to achieve intended goals and most importantly how those achievements will impact on various aspects of societal life, from legal responsibilities to moral and socio economic issues. In some public spheres these issues are becoming quite controversial because automation opens up possibilities of profound structural re-organization; however, we lack a discussion across and within different work domains to help us review methods or even methodological principles needed to gather and organize knowledge towards the construction of automation policies. This paper uses the UK service organization for Air Traffic Management Domain called NATS – National Air traffic Service, as a case study to illustrate an example of an organization currently undertaking critical self-reflection about automation policy or lack of such, along with the illustration of some unresolved deep concerns raised by the development, introduction, and continued use of automation.
https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Hal-DiderotConference object . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01463387/documentData sources: Hal-DiderotMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2012License: CC BYhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-41145-8_16&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 2 citations 2 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down Hal-DiderotConference object . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01463387/documentData sources: Hal-DiderotMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2012License: CC BYhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-41145-8_16&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object , Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 2014 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:EC | CO2PIPEHAZEC| CO2PIPEHAZAuthors: Woolley, Robert M.; Fairweather, Michael; Wareing, Christopher J.; Falle, Samuel A.E.G.; +3 AuthorsWoolley, Robert M.; Fairweather, Michael; Wareing, Christopher J.; Falle, Samuel A.E.G.; Proust, Christophe; Hebrard, Jérôme; Jamois, Didier;The work presented in this paper describes a novel multi-phase discharge and dispersion model capable of predicting the near-field fluid dynamics and phase-transition phenomena associated with accidental CO2 releases. Also presented in this paper are previously unpublished data describing the near-field structure of a number of largescale CO2 experimental releases, obtained through the EU-FP7 CO2PipeHaz (2009) project. The calculations employed an adaptive finite-volume grid algorithm to solve the Favre-averaged fluid-flow equations. This equation set was closed with the inclusion of both a two-equation k-e model and a second-moment Reynolds stress model to represent turbulent fluctuations. Results demonstrate the superior performance of the Reynolds stress transport model when compared to its compressibility-corrected counterpart.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . 2014https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0...Part of book or chapter of book . 2014 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/b978-0-444-63456-6.50154-x&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . 2014https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0...Part of book or chapter of book . 2014 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationConference object . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/b978-0-444-63456-6.50154-x&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2013 Spain, FrancePublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Gerrit de Leeuw; Cécile Guieu; A. Arneth; Nicolas Bellouin; Laurent Bopp; Philip W. Boyd; Hugo Denier van der Gon; Karine Desboeufs; François Dulac; M. Cristina Facchini; Brett Gantt; Baerbel Langmann; Natalie M. Mahowald; Emilio Marañón; Colin D. O'Dowd; Nazli Olgun; Elvira Pulido-Villena; Matteo Rinaldi; Euripides G. Stephanou; Thibaut Wagener;International audience; This chapter provides an overview of the current knowledge on aerosols in the marine atmosphere and the effects of aerosols on climate and on processes in the oceanic surface layer. Aerosol particles in the marine atmosphere originate predominantly from direct production at the sea surface due to the interaction between wind and waves (sea spray aerosol, or SSA) and indirect production by gas to particle conversion. These aerosols are supplemented by aerosols produced over the continents, as well as aerosols emitted by volcanoes and ship traffic, a large part of it being deposited to the ocean surface by dry and wet deposition. The SSA sources, chemical composition and ensuing physical and optical effects, are discussed. An overview is presented of continental sources and their ageing and mixing processes during transport. The current status of our knowledge on effects of marine aerosols on the Earth radiative balance, both direct by their interaction with solar radiation and indirect through their effects on cloud properties, is discussed. The deposition on the ocean surface of some key species, such as nutrients, their bioavailability and how they impact biogeochemical cycles are shown and discussed through different time and space scales approaches.
https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down https://link.springer.com/cont...Part of book or chapter of bookLicense: CC BY NCData sources: UnpayWallhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NCData sources: CrossrefRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; InvestigoPart of book or chapter of book . 2013 . 2022Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL AMU; HAL-CEA; HAL-IRD; HAL-UPMCPart of book or chapter of book . 2014License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01830179/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1_4&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert https://link.springe... arrow_drop_down https://link.springer.com/cont...Part of book or chapter of bookLicense: CC BY NCData sources: UnpayWallhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NCData sources: CrossrefRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; InvestigoPart of book or chapter of book . 2013 . 2022Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL AMU; HAL-CEA; HAL-IRD; HAL-UPMCPart of book or chapter of book . 2014License: CC BY NCFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01830179/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1_4&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 2013 France, Germany, France, Spain, France, FrancePublisher:Springer Berlin Heidelberg Véronique Garçon; Thomas G. Bell; Douglas W.R. Wallace; Steve R. Arnold; Alex R. Baker; Dorothee C. E. Bakker; Hernann W. Bange; Nicholas R. Bates; Laurent Bopp; Jacqueline Boutin; Philip W. Boyd; Astrid Bracher; John P. Burrows; Lucy J. Carpenter; Gerrit de Leeuw; Katja Fennel; Jordi Font; Tobias Friedrich; Christoph S. Garbe; Nicolas Gruber; Lyatt Jaeglé; Arancha Lana; James D. Lee; Peter S. Liss; Lisa A. Miller; Nazli Olgun; Are Olsen; Benjamin Pfeil; Birgit Quack; Katie A. Read; Nicolas Reul; Christian Rödenbeck; Shital S. Rohekar; Alfonso Saiz-Lopez; E. S. Saltzman; Oliver Schneising; Ute Schuster; Roland Séférian; Tobias Steinhoff; Pierre-Yves Le Traon; Franziska Ziska;handle: 10261/93764
Why a chapter on Perspectives and Integration in SOLAS Science in this book? SOLAS science by its nature deals with interactions that occur: across a wide spectrum of time and space scales, involve gases and particles, between the ocean and the atmosphere, across many disciplines including chemistry, biology, optics, physics, mathematics, computing, socio economics and consequently interactions between many different scientists and across scientific generations. This chapter provides a guide through the remarkable diversity of cross-cutting approaches and tools in the gigantic puzzle of the SOLAS realm. Here we overview the existing prime components of atmospheric and oceanic observing systems, with the acquisition of ocean–atmosphere observables either from in situ or from satellites, the rich hierarchy of models to test our knowledge of Earth System functioning, and the tremendous efforts accomplished over the last decade within the COST Action 735 and SOLAS Integration project frameworks to understand, as best we can, the current physical and biogeochemical state of the atmosphere and ocean commons. A few SOLAS integrative studies illustrate the full meaning of interactions, paving the way for even tighter connections between thematic fields. Ultimately, SOLAS research will also develop with an enhanced consideration of societal demand while preserving fundamental research coherency Garçon, Véronique ... et. al.-- 60 pages, 27 figures Peer reviewed
OceanRep arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; DIGITAL.CSICPart of book or chapter of book . 2014 . Peer-reviewedhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NCData sources: CrossrefArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2014Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-CEA; HAL-UPMCPart of book or chapter of book . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1_5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routeshybrid 4 citations 4 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!visibility 22visibility views 22 download downloads 1 Powered bymore_vert OceanRep arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; DIGITAL.CSICPart of book or chapter of book . 2014 . Peer-reviewedhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NCData sources: CrossrefArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2014Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-CEA; HAL-UPMCPart of book or chapter of book . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-642-25643-1_5&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book 2020 FrancePublisher:Elsevier BV Precht, William; Aronson, Richard; Gardner, Toby; Gill, Jennifer; Hawkins, Julie; Hernández-Delgado, Edwin; Jaap, Walter; Mcclanahan, Tim; Mcfield, Melanie; Murdoch, Thaddeus J.T.; Nugues, Maggy; Roberts, Callum; Schelten, Christiane; Watkinson, Andrew; Côté, Isabelle;Abstract Caribbean reefs have experienced unprecedented changes in the past four decades. Of great concern is the perceived widespread shift from coral to macroalgal dominance and the question of whether it represents a new, stable equilibrium for coral-reef communities. The primary causes of the shift—grazing pressure (top-down), nutrient loading (bottom-up) or direct coral mortality (side-in)—still remain somewhat controversial in the coral-reef literature. We have attempted to tease out the relative importance of each of these causes. Four insights emerge from our analysis of an early regional dataset of information on the benthic composition of Caribbean reefs spanning the years 1977–2001. First, although three-quarters of reef sites have experienced coral declines concomitant with macroalgal increases, fewer than 10% of the more than 200 sites studied were dominated by macroalgae in 2001, by even the most conservative definition of dominance. Using relative dominance as the threshold, a total of 49 coral-to-macroalgae shifts were detected. This total represents ~ 35% of all sites that were dominated by coral at the start of their monitoring periods. Four shifts (8.2%) occurred because of coral loss with no change in macroalgal cover, 15 (30.6%) occurred because of macroalgal gain without coral loss, and 30 (61.2%) occurred owing to concomitant coral decline and macroalgal increase. Second, the timing of shifts at the regional scale is most consistent with the side-in model of reef degradation, which invokes coral mortality as a precursor to macroalgal takeover, because more shifts occurred after regional coral-mortality events than expected by chance. Third, instantaneous observations taken at the start and end of the time-series for individual sites showed these reefs existed along a continuum of coral and macroalgal cover. The continuous, broadly negative relationship between coral and macroalgal cover suggests that in some cases coral-to-macroalgae phase shifts may be reversed by removing sources of perturbation or restoring critical components such as the herbivorous sea urchin Diadema antillarum to the system. The five instances in which macroalgal dominance was reversed corroborate the conclusion that macroalgal dominance is not a stable, alternative community state as has been commonly assumed. Fourth, the fact that the loss in regional coral cover and concomitant changes to the benthic community are related to punctuated, discrete events with known causes (i.e. coral disease and bleaching), lends credence to the hypothesis that coral reefs of the Caribbean have been under assault from climate-change-related maladies since the 1970s.
https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.amb...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationPart of book or chapter of book . 2020add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/bs.amb.2020.08.008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu16 citations 16 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert https://doi.org/10.1... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.amb...Part of book or chapter of book . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationPart of book or chapter of book . 2020add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/bs.amb.2020.08.008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu