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Research funding organizations, particularly at international level, are increasingly promoting the\ud creation and maintenance of open access research infrastructures (RI). These resources have\ud assumed a pivotal role as support for the new open and networked science in their dimension of\ud technical and operational frameworks that allow scientists and stakeholders to collaborate and\ud share scientific data and results. In Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH), the creation and\ud exploitation of open data platforms is still attempting to catch up with longer-standing practices\ud in the “hard sciences” as the resistance to wider data sharing has not yet been completely\ud overcome. This paper aims to describe how a large project, financed by the European\ud Commission, managed the creation of a RI in the field of SSH, showing the steps undertaken to\ud comply with the GDPR regulations and prepare the data for useful sharing and reuse. In this\ud regard, the authors present the case study of the Horizon 2020 “CultureLabs” project, placing\ud emphasis on some specific practical factors that they believe are particularly important for\ud implementing open access principles in the establishment and maintenance of RIs in the new\ud course of science based on sharing and openness. In particular, the authors will focus on creation\ud of “useful” and GDPR-compliant data and the impact on research activities as a result of their\ud (re)utilisation; the control of the data management process; and the compliance with funders’\ud requirements (e.g. in terms of data security). The reflection on the interplay of these aspects,\ud operated through a case study, appears to be crucial in moving away from a merely theoretical\ud approach to addressing the issue of open access, and it hopes to serve as a guide or a warning for\ud those who create and administer open RIs.

International audience; In this paper we describe the development and evaluation of a visual analytics tool to support historical research. Historians continuously gather data related to their scholarly research from archival visits and background search. Organising and making sense of all this data can be challenging as many historians continue to rely on analog or basic digital tools. We built an integrated note-taking environment for historians which unifies a set of func-tionalities we identified as important for historical research including editing, tagging, searching, sharing and visualization. Our approach was to involve users from the initial stage of brainstorming and requirement analysis through to design, implementation and evaluation. We report on the process and results of our work, and conclude by reflecting on our own experience in conducting user-centered visual analytics design for digital humanities.

This book is a collection of seventeen papers which describe the impact that the ARIADNE project and its successor, ARIADNEplus (2019-2022) have had on the archaeological community, both in Europe and further afield. Each case study has been contributed by organisations involved in the ARIADNE Infrastructure who cover many countries from across Europe as well as Argentina and Japan. These papers were originally presented at the CAA Conference in Krakow, April 2019 and cover aspects such as data management, application of standards and guidelines, the use of CIDOC-CRM and Open Data to name but a few.

Scholarly communication is the foundation of modern research where empirical evidence is interpreted and communicated as published hypothesis driven research. Many current and recent reports highlight the impact of advancing technology on modern research and consequences this has on scholarly communication. As part of the ODE project this report sought to coalesce current though and opinions from numerous and diverse sources to reveal opportunities for supporting a more connected and integrated scholarly record. Four perspectives were considered, those of the Researcher who generates or reuses primary data, Publishers who provide the mechanisms to communicate research activities and Libraries & Data enters who maintain and preserve the evidence that underpins scholarly communication and the published record. This report finds the landscape fragmented and complex where competing interests can sometimes confuse and confound requirements, needs and expectations. Equally the report identifies clear opportunity for all stakeholders to directly enable a more joined up and vital scholarly record of modern research.

The authors also acknowledge the support and collaboration of many other colleagues in their respective institutes, research communities and IT Infrastructures, together with the funding received by these from many different sources. These include but are not limited to the following: (i) The Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) project is a global collaboration of more than 170 computing centres in 43 countries, linking up national and international grid infrastructures. Funding is acknowledged from many national funding bodies and we acknowledge the support of several operational infrastructures including EGI, OSG and NDGF/NeIC. (ii) EGI acknowledges the funding and support received from the European Commission and the many National Grid Initiatives and other members. EOSC-hub receives funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 777536. (iii) The work leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 730941 (AARC2). (iv) Work on the development of ESGF's identity management system has been supported by The UK Natural Environment Research Council and funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration through projects IS-ENES (grant agreement no 228203) and IS-ENES2 (grant agreement no 312979). (v) Ludek Matyska and Michal Prochazka acknowledge funding from the RI ELIXIR CZ project funded by MEYS Czech Republic No. LM2015047. (vi) Scott Koranda acknowledges support provided by the United States National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1700765. (vii) GÉANT Association on behalf of the GN4 Phase 2 project (GN4-2).The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 731122(GN4-2). (viii) ELIXIR acknowledges support from Research Infrastructure programme of Horizon 2020 grant No 676559 EXCELERATE. (ix) CORBEL life science cluster acknowledges support from Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 654248. (x) Mirjam van Daalen acknowledges that the research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under the Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. (xi) EISCAT is an international association supported by research organisations in China (CRIRP), Finland (SA), Japan (NIPR), Norway (NFR), Sweden (VR), and the United Kingdom (NERC). This white-paper expresses common requirements of Research Communities seeking to leverage Identity Federation for Authentication and Authorisation. Recommendations are made to Stakeholders to guide the future evolution of Federated Identity Management in a direction that better satisfies research use cases. The authors represent research communities, Research Services, Infrastructures, Identity Federations and Interfederations, with a joint motivation to ease collaboration for distributed researchers. The content has been edited collaboratively by the Federated Identity Management for Research (FIM4R) Community, with input sought at conferences and meetings in Europe, Asia and North America.

This paper explores key issues in the development of open access to research data. The use of digital means for developing, storing and manipulating data is creating a focus on ‘data-driven science’. One aspect of this focus is the development of ‘open access’ to research data. Open access to research data refers to the way in which various types of data are openly available to public and private stakeholders, user communities and citizens. Open access to research data, however, involves more than simply providing easier and wider access to data for potential user groups. The development of open access requires attention to the ways data are considered in different areas of research. We identify how open access is being unevenly developed across the research environment and the consequences this has in terms of generating data gaps. Data gaps refer to the way data becomes detached from published conclusions. To address these issues, we examine four main areas in developing open access to research data: stakeholder roles and values; technological requirements for managing and sharing data; legal and ethical regulations and procedures; institutional roles and policy frameworks. We conclude that problems of variability and consistency across the open access ecosystem need to be addressed within and between these areas to ensure that risks surrounding a data gap are managed in open access. 11 authors. Missing: Sally Wyatt

Il 1o ottobre 2015 il MIUR firma l’adesione dell’Italia a CLARIN-ERIC, l’infrastruttura di ricerca che offre risorse e tecnologie linguistiche dedicate al settore delle scienze del linguaggio e delle scienze umane e sociali. Questo articolo intende fornire alla comunità italiana una ampia panoramica di CLARIN, la sua missione, i suoi pilastri, i servizi, la sua organizzazione tecnica ed amministrativa e la struttura di governance, sia a livello europeo che locale. Viene introdotto il network italiano, con il primo centro nazionale ILC4CLARIN, ospitato ed in via di sviluppo presso l’ILC-CNR, le funzionalità, le risorse ed i servizi offerti; viene presentato infine il primo nucleo del consorzio nazionale CLARIN-IT, illustrando i criteri di costituzione, le attività previste e le prospettive future. On the 1st of October 2015, the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) signed Italy's membership to CLARIN-ERIC, the research infrastructure offering language resources and technologies dedicated to the field of language sciences, the humanities and social sciences. This article aims to provide the Italian research community with a broad overview of CLARIN, its mission, pillars, services, technical and administrative organisation and governance structure, both at European and local level. The Italian network is introduced, with the first national ILC4CLARIN data centre, hosted and being developed at the Istituto di Linguistica Computazionale of CNR, its functionalities, resources and services; finally, the first nucleus of the national CLARIN-IT consortium is presented, illustrating the criteria for its establishment, the planned activities and future prospects.

Open science refers to all things open in research and scholarly communication: from publications and research data to code, models and methods as well as quality evaluation based on open peer review. However, getting started with implementing open science might not be as straightforward for all stakeholders. For example, what do research funders expect in terms of open access to publications and/or research data? Where and how to publish research data? How to ensure that research results are reproducible? These are all legitimate questions and, in particular, early career researchers may benefit from additional guidance and training. In this paper we review the activities of the European-funded FOSTER project which organized and supported a wide range of targeted trainings for open science, based on face-to-face events and on a growing suite of e-learning courses. This article reviews the approach and experiences gained from the first two years of the project. The FOSTER project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 612425. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of all project partners to the design and implementation of the FOSTER project.

Research infrastructures are facilities, resources and services used by the scientific community to conduct research. They include major research instruments, laboratories, databases, libraries and archival collections. Research infrastructures require digital infrastructure and services for information storage, management, processing, publication and access. In archaeology, data centres and repositories where researchers can deposit and access documentation and data from excavations, field surveys, laboratory analysis, etc. already exist in several European countries. The EU FP7 project ARIADNE (www.ariadneinfrastructure. eu) will set up a common interface to a digital infrastructure integrating archaeological information and datasets held by data centres, institutional and other repositories which are distributed across Europe. This paper addresses the following questions: What is an e-infrastructure for research? How will ARIADNE integrate digital resources on the European level? What are major challenges of the project? Beside the considerable semantic and technical challenges, particularly the need to facilitate a culture of collaboration and data sharing among a multi-disciplinary research community is emphasised.