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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint 2010 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Lammoglia, Adrien;Lammoglia, Adrien;Les systèmes multi-agents sont des outils de plus en plus utilisés par les géographes pour simuler les mobilités. Ils permettent de suivre statistiquement et très précisément l'évolution d'un système, et la structuration des formes s'y observe de manière intuitive. Pourtant, ce sont des outils beaucoup moins pertinents lorsqu'il s'agit de quantifier l'évolution de ces formes. Le travail proposé est davantage méthodologique, que thématique. La caractérisation de la forme des réseaux fait l'objet d'assez peu de travaux, contrairement aux études topologiques et fonctionnelles. En parallèle, de nombreux travaux montrent que la géométrie fractale est une approche pertinente, ou du moins complémentaire à d'autres méthodes, telle que la théorie des graphes, pour analyser et caractériser des réseaux. Pour ce travail, nous avons cherché à voir s'il était possible d'utiliser la dimension fractale, ou plus précisément l'évolution de la dimension fractale, pour caractériser un réseau théorique émergent d'un modèle de trafic simulé. L'étude essaye, en complément de l'analyse visuelle classique sur l'interface de simulation, de quantifier et de mieux comprendre la structuration des flux sur un réseau, à travers plusieurs niveaux d'observation. Dans notre cas purement théorique, il est difficile de parler d'échelles. Nous travaillons dans un environnement entièrement numérique, pour lequel les dimensions d'observation sont dépendantes de la taille (523*523 pixels) de l'interface de simulation. Nous essayons, néanmoins, d'évaluer l'apport d'une approche multi-scalaire, ou du moins multi-dimensionnelle, pour la simulation d'un service de transport en SMA. Au cours de l'article, nous expliquons en détails le modèle en précisant son cadre d'application, ses composantes et son fonctionnement. Nous présentons ensuite la méthode utilisée, en montrant comment les calculs de dimension fractale sont appliqués pour caractériser l'évolution morphologique des flux. Nous démontrons, grâce à la courbe d'évolution de la dimension fractale, qu'un processus de structuration relativement fort (phénomène d'attracteur) se met rapidement en place et stabilise la hiérarchie du réseaux, aussi bien en termes de fréquentation des axes qu'en termes d'étalement spatial des tournées.
All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______177::4b721a23ff982d017ea4581f4ce0ebc0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______177::4b721a23ff982d017ea4581f4ce0ebc0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint 2017 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Guy, Bernard;Guy, Bernard;The present text is our communication to JETC conference in Budapest (Joint European Thermodynamics conference, May 21-25, 2017). It discusses some issues referring to the relations between space, time and thermodynamics. Thermodynamics has a close relationship with time, if only for the discussion of irreversibility. But the concept of time remains mysterious and misunderstood for many, including in physics. In our view, it is absurd to consider the question of time alone: time is an abstract concept not to be separated from the world by giving it a substantial value. To understand time is to understand how one abstracts it from the movements of material entities (including photons) in space. To tell it short, time and space are of the same substance, i.e. movement: they are constructed by comparing different movements, and an arbitrary (left to free will) choice is made to define the boundary between them, depending on scale. Some consequences of this approach bear on the conceptual understanding of thermodynamics in general. The following statements, reconsidered in the new picture, are examined briefly: - there is no ultimate parting between equilibrium and non-equilibrium, heat and work, kinetics and (diffusion) transport, this is a matter of scale; - the concept of entropy, the attribution of an entropy to an individual particle, the interior and the exterior of a system and its boundary, the definition of the quantities proper to thermodynamics such as internal energy, heat etc., all derive from the understanding of the necessary link between the different scale levels at which to examine the system; - the constant association of the temporal variations and the spatial gradients (“space arrows”), of a fundamental nature, opens up to the conceptual unification of the two expressions of the second law, i.e. the phenomenological and the statistical ones. In total, it is possible to envisage a hierarchy of thermodynamics, moving from one scale level to another. We can define thermodynamics generically, or on the contrary define several, according to the variables and physical quantities defined. By getting more into the equations, avenues for research are derived from our point of view. The quantities must go in pairs of the type (f, g) like the pair (electric field, magnetic field) in electromagnetism, the pair (energy, momentum) in mechanics, the pair (concentration, flux) in thermodynamics etc., and verify laws expressing correlated variations with respect to time and space variables (within a relation-based thinking; these variations are the only thing we can know, not the single quantities themselves). For entropy S, we are invited to propose a pair (S, F), not S alone, which can be interpreted as a couple (entropy, entropy flux) or (probability of state, probability of trajectory). The previous equations are Lorentz invariant, which allows a better connection with relativity theory. The link between thermodynamics and quantum mechanics is also discussed.
HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper ... arrow_drop_down HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper Article en Ligne; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL Lumiere Lyon 2; HAL-Lyon 3Other literature type . Preprint . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01529570/documentAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______212::7d215b541e013bba03948586ff5b1da7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper ... arrow_drop_down HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper Article en Ligne; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL Lumiere Lyon 2; HAL-Lyon 3Other literature type . Preprint . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01529570/documentAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______212::7d215b541e013bba03948586ff5b1da7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint 2021 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Marchand, Sébastien; Cubizol, Damien; Nasho Ah-Pine, Elda; GUO, Huanxiu;Marchand, Sébastien; Cubizol, Damien; Nasho Ah-Pine, Elda; GUO, Huanxiu;In 2013, the Chinese central government launched a war on air pollution. As a new and major source of information, the Internet plays an important role in diffusing environmental news emotion and shaping people's perceptions and emotions regarding the pollution. How could the government make use of the environmental news emotion as an informal regulation of pollution? The paper investigates the causal relationship between web news emotion (defined by the emotional tone of web news) and air pollution (SO2, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10) by exploiting the central government's war on air pollution. We combine daily monitoring data of air pollution at different levels (cities and counties, respectively the second and third administrative levels in China) with the GDELT database that allows us to have information on Chinese web news media (e.g. emotional tone of web news on air pollution). We find that a decrease of the emotional tone in web news (i.e. more negative emotions in the articles) can help to reduce air pollution at both city and county level. We attribute this effect to the context of China’s war on air pollution in which the government makes use of the environmental news emotion as an informal regulation of pollution.
Mémoires en Sciences... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______2191::2c4e0a645b0bc4e158a3058700ce4639&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Mémoires en Sciences... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______2191::2c4e0a645b0bc4e158a3058700ce4639&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint 2018 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: BA, Ahmadou Saïd;BA, Ahmadou Saïd;In 2014, Senegal adopted an accelerated economic development plan called the “Plan Sénégal Emergent” (PSE), or Emerging Senegal Plan (ESP), which rightly relies on the development of the energy sector, among others. The country's energy policy has therefore been revised, in agreement with the ESP, to define a clear vision, with specific objectives and a well-developed strategy. However, its energy consumption was only 0.27 toe, including 230 kWh of electricity, and generated 0.54 tCO2 per capita in 2016. These figures are obviously low and symptomatic of a low-energy economy, characteristic of a developing country. Nevertheless, Senegal's energy consumption has been growing rapidly at + 3.6% / year on average, since 2000, due to the combined effects of economic and demographic growths. In addition, significant offshore oil and gas reserves have recently been discovered in the country, which first production is expected to start in 2021. All of these elements raise a fundamental question: how can a developing country like Senegal, deprived of natural resources since always, succeed in supporting its economic emergence through an ambitious and low-emission energy policy while exploiting its new oil and gas resources? The purpose of this study is therefore to analyze the relevance of Senegal's current energy policy with regards to its ambitions for economic emergence and vis-à-vis the main challenges facing the country like energy independence and security of supply in the face of growing demand, universal access to affordable electricity, and climate change. To do this, the study was divided into 3 parts. The first presents an overview of the country, including its macroeconomic fundamentals. The second details its energy policy, including its objectives, the strategies deployed, and the institutional and regulatory frameworks that underpin it. The third is a detailed critical analysis of this policy, starting with an evaluation of the results and ending with suggestions for improvement.
All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______2592::d9116412ac2fcceb1e3e13be3701c7a3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______2592::d9116412ac2fcceb1e3e13be3701c7a3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint , Other literature type 2008 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Chanel, Olivier; Luchini, Stephane;Chanel, Olivier; Luchini, Stephane;In this paper, we extend the individual dynamic model of life-time resource allocation to assess the monetary value given to the increase in survival probabilities of every member of a household induced by improved air quality. We then interpret this monetary value as a flow of Value of Life Years Lost (VOLY), and estimate the corresponding Value of a Prevented Fatality (VPF) for different ages and different household members. Using French contingent valuation data on air pollution, we estimate a mean VOLY of Euros 150,000 and a mean VPFof Euros 2.15 million. In addition, we find an inverse U-shaped relationship between age and VPF.
All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______3430::a9c125baba00fc335712eba44bb0cef0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______3430::a9c125baba00fc335712eba44bb0cef0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint , Other literature type 2011 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Drabo, Alassane;Drabo, Alassane;This paper examines the link between health inequalities, air pollution and political institutions. In health economics literature, many studies have assessed the association between environmental degradation and health outcomes. This paper extends this literature by investigating how air pollution could explain health inequalities both between and within developing countries, and the role of political institutions in this relationship. Theoretically, we argue that differential in exposition to air pollution among income classes, prevention ability against health effect of environment degradation, capacity to respond to disease caused by pollutants and susceptibility of some groups to air pollution effect are sufficient to expect a positive link between air pollution and income related health inequality. Furthermore, in democratic countries, this heterogeneity in the health effect of pollution may be mitigated since good institutions favour universal health policy issues, information and advices about hygiene and health practices, and health infrastructures building. Our econometric results show that sulphur dioxide emission (SO2) and particulate matter (PM10) are in part responsible for the large disparities in infant and child mortalities between and within developing countries. In addition, we found that democratic institutions play the role of social protection by mitigating this effect for the poorest income classes and reducing the health inequality it provokes.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Research Papers in EconomicsPreprint . 2011Full-Text: http://publi.cerdi.org/ed/2011/2011.08.pdfData sources: Research Papers in EconomicsAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______166::4d4153a540811c04111bb487b5aa8f58&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Research Papers in EconomicsPreprint . 2011Full-Text: http://publi.cerdi.org/ed/2011/2011.08.pdfData sources: Research Papers in EconomicsAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______166::4d4153a540811c04111bb487b5aa8f58&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint 2010 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Lammoglia, Adrien;Lammoglia, Adrien;Les systèmes multi-agents sont des outils de plus en plus utilisés par les géographes pour simuler les mobilités. Ils permettent de suivre statistiquement et très précisément l'évolution d'un système, et la structuration des formes s'y observe de manière intuitive. Pourtant, ce sont des outils beaucoup moins pertinents lorsqu'il s'agit de quantifier l'évolution de ces formes. Le travail proposé est davantage méthodologique, que thématique. La caractérisation de la forme des réseaux fait l'objet d'assez peu de travaux, contrairement aux études topologiques et fonctionnelles. En parallèle, de nombreux travaux montrent que la géométrie fractale est une approche pertinente, ou du moins complémentaire à d'autres méthodes, telle que la théorie des graphes, pour analyser et caractériser des réseaux. Pour ce travail, nous avons cherché à voir s'il était possible d'utiliser la dimension fractale, ou plus précisément l'évolution de la dimension fractale, pour caractériser un réseau théorique émergent d'un modèle de trafic simulé. L'étude essaye, en complément de l'analyse visuelle classique sur l'interface de simulation, de quantifier et de mieux comprendre la structuration des flux sur un réseau, à travers plusieurs niveaux d'observation. Dans notre cas purement théorique, il est difficile de parler d'échelles. Nous travaillons dans un environnement entièrement numérique, pour lequel les dimensions d'observation sont dépendantes de la taille (523*523 pixels) de l'interface de simulation. Nous essayons, néanmoins, d'évaluer l'apport d'une approche multi-scalaire, ou du moins multi-dimensionnelle, pour la simulation d'un service de transport en SMA. Au cours de l'article, nous expliquons en détails le modèle en précisant son cadre d'application, ses composantes et son fonctionnement. Nous présentons ensuite la méthode utilisée, en montrant comment les calculs de dimension fractale sont appliqués pour caractériser l'évolution morphologique des flux. Nous démontrons, grâce à la courbe d'évolution de la dimension fractale, qu'un processus de structuration relativement fort (phénomène d'attracteur) se met rapidement en place et stabilise la hiérarchie du réseaux, aussi bien en termes de fréquentation des axes qu'en termes d'étalement spatial des tournées.
All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______177::4b721a23ff982d017ea4581f4ce0ebc0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______177::4b721a23ff982d017ea4581f4ce0ebc0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint 2017 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Guy, Bernard;Guy, Bernard;The present text is our communication to JETC conference in Budapest (Joint European Thermodynamics conference, May 21-25, 2017). It discusses some issues referring to the relations between space, time and thermodynamics. Thermodynamics has a close relationship with time, if only for the discussion of irreversibility. But the concept of time remains mysterious and misunderstood for many, including in physics. In our view, it is absurd to consider the question of time alone: time is an abstract concept not to be separated from the world by giving it a substantial value. To understand time is to understand how one abstracts it from the movements of material entities (including photons) in space. To tell it short, time and space are of the same substance, i.e. movement: they are constructed by comparing different movements, and an arbitrary (left to free will) choice is made to define the boundary between them, depending on scale. Some consequences of this approach bear on the conceptual understanding of thermodynamics in general. The following statements, reconsidered in the new picture, are examined briefly: - there is no ultimate parting between equilibrium and non-equilibrium, heat and work, kinetics and (diffusion) transport, this is a matter of scale; - the concept of entropy, the attribution of an entropy to an individual particle, the interior and the exterior of a system and its boundary, the definition of the quantities proper to thermodynamics such as internal energy, heat etc., all derive from the understanding of the necessary link between the different scale levels at which to examine the system; - the constant association of the temporal variations and the spatial gradients (“space arrows”), of a fundamental nature, opens up to the conceptual unification of the two expressions of the second law, i.e. the phenomenological and the statistical ones. In total, it is possible to envisage a hierarchy of thermodynamics, moving from one scale level to another. We can define thermodynamics generically, or on the contrary define several, according to the variables and physical quantities defined. By getting more into the equations, avenues for research are derived from our point of view. The quantities must go in pairs of the type (f, g) like the pair (electric field, magnetic field) in electromagnetism, the pair (energy, momentum) in mechanics, the pair (concentration, flux) in thermodynamics etc., and verify laws expressing correlated variations with respect to time and space variables (within a relation-based thinking; these variations are the only thing we can know, not the single quantities themselves). For entropy S, we are invited to propose a pair (S, F), not S alone, which can be interpreted as a couple (entropy, entropy flux) or (probability of state, probability of trajectory). The previous equations are Lorentz invariant, which allows a better connection with relativity theory. The link between thermodynamics and quantum mechanics is also discussed.
HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper ... arrow_drop_down HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper Article en Ligne; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL Lumiere Lyon 2; HAL-Lyon 3Other literature type . Preprint . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01529570/documentAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______212::7d215b541e013bba03948586ff5b1da7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper ... arrow_drop_down HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper Article en Ligne; Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL Lumiere Lyon 2; HAL-Lyon 3Other literature type . Preprint . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-01529570/documentAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______212::7d215b541e013bba03948586ff5b1da7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint 2021 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Marchand, Sébastien; Cubizol, Damien; Nasho Ah-Pine, Elda; GUO, Huanxiu;Marchand, Sébastien; Cubizol, Damien; Nasho Ah-Pine, Elda; GUO, Huanxiu;In 2013, the Chinese central government launched a war on air pollution. As a new and major source of information, the Internet plays an important role in diffusing environmental news emotion and shaping people's perceptions and emotions regarding the pollution. How could the government make use of the environmental news emotion as an informal regulation of pollution? The paper investigates the causal relationship between web news emotion (defined by the emotional tone of web news) and air pollution (SO2, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10) by exploiting the central government's war on air pollution. We combine daily monitoring data of air pollution at different levels (cities and counties, respectively the second and third administrative levels in China) with the GDELT database that allows us to have information on Chinese web news media (e.g. emotional tone of web news on air pollution). We find that a decrease of the emotional tone in web news (i.e. more negative emotions in the articles) can help to reduce air pollution at both city and county level. We attribute this effect to the context of China’s war on air pollution in which the government makes use of the environmental news emotion as an informal regulation of pollution.
Mémoires en Sciences... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______2191::2c4e0a645b0bc4e158a3058700ce4639&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Mémoires en Sciences... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______2191::2c4e0a645b0bc4e158a3058700ce4639&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint 2018 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: BA, Ahmadou Saïd;BA, Ahmadou Saïd;In 2014, Senegal adopted an accelerated economic development plan called the “Plan Sénégal Emergent” (PSE), or Emerging Senegal Plan (ESP), which rightly relies on the development of the energy sector, among others. The country's energy policy has therefore been revised, in agreement with the ESP, to define a clear vision, with specific objectives and a well-developed strategy. However, its energy consumption was only 0.27 toe, including 230 kWh of electricity, and generated 0.54 tCO2 per capita in 2016. These figures are obviously low and symptomatic of a low-energy economy, characteristic of a developing country. Nevertheless, Senegal's energy consumption has been growing rapidly at + 3.6% / year on average, since 2000, due to the combined effects of economic and demographic growths. In addition, significant offshore oil and gas reserves have recently been discovered in the country, which first production is expected to start in 2021. All of these elements raise a fundamental question: how can a developing country like Senegal, deprived of natural resources since always, succeed in supporting its economic emergence through an ambitious and low-emission energy policy while exploiting its new oil and gas resources? The purpose of this study is therefore to analyze the relevance of Senegal's current energy policy with regards to its ambitions for economic emergence and vis-à-vis the main challenges facing the country like energy independence and security of supply in the face of growing demand, universal access to affordable electricity, and climate change. To do this, the study was divided into 3 parts. The first presents an overview of the country, including its macroeconomic fundamentals. The second details its energy policy, including its objectives, the strategies deployed, and the institutional and regulatory frameworks that underpin it. The third is a detailed critical analysis of this policy, starting with an evaluation of the results and ending with suggestions for improvement.
All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______2592::d9116412ac2fcceb1e3e13be3701c7a3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______2592::d9116412ac2fcceb1e3e13be3701c7a3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint , Other literature type 2008 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Chanel, Olivier; Luchini, Stephane;Chanel, Olivier; Luchini, Stephane;In this paper, we extend the individual dynamic model of life-time resource allocation to assess the monetary value given to the increase in survival probabilities of every member of a household induced by improved air quality. We then interpret this monetary value as a flow of Value of Life Years Lost (VOLY), and estimate the corresponding Value of a Prevented Fatality (VPF) for different ages and different household members. Using French contingent valuation data on air pollution, we estimate a mean VOLY of Euros 150,000 and a mean VPFof Euros 2.15 million. In addition, we find an inverse U-shaped relationship between age and VPF.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______3430::a9c125baba00fc335712eba44bb0cef0&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint , Other literature type 2011 France EnglishPublisher:HAL CCSD Authors: Drabo, Alassane;Drabo, Alassane;This paper examines the link between health inequalities, air pollution and political institutions. In health economics literature, many studies have assessed the association between environmental degradation and health outcomes. This paper extends this literature by investigating how air pollution could explain health inequalities both between and within developing countries, and the role of political institutions in this relationship. Theoretically, we argue that differential in exposition to air pollution among income classes, prevention ability against health effect of environment degradation, capacity to respond to disease caused by pollutants and susceptibility of some groups to air pollution effect are sufficient to expect a positive link between air pollution and income related health inequality. Furthermore, in democratic countries, this heterogeneity in the health effect of pollution may be mitigated since good institutions favour universal health policy issues, information and advices about hygiene and health practices, and health infrastructures building. Our econometric results show that sulphur dioxide emission (SO2) and particulate matter (PM10) are in part responsible for the large disparities in infant and child mortalities between and within developing countries. In addition, we found that democratic institutions play the role of social protection by mitigating this effect for the poorest income classes and reducing the health inequality it provokes.
Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Research Papers in EconomicsPreprint . 2011Full-Text: http://publi.cerdi.org/ed/2011/2011.08.pdfData sources: Research Papers in EconomicsAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______166::4d4153a540811c04111bb487b5aa8f58&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Hyper Article en Lig... arrow_drop_down Research Papers in EconomicsPreprint . 2011Full-Text: http://publi.cerdi.org/ed/2011/2011.08.pdfData sources: Research Papers in EconomicsAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_______166::4d4153a540811c04111bb487b5aa8f58&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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